1. What You Need to Know About…
SKIN CANCER & BURNS

2. What is a BURN?  Tissue damage & cell death caused by:
Heat, electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals.

3. What is a BURN?  Tissue damage & cell death caused by:
Heat, electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals.
The body loses fluid supply – electrolyte imbalance and dehydration follow; fluids must be replaced immediately!

4. RULE OF NINES 

5. RULE OF NINES  method used to determine the volume of fluid lost.
This method divides the body into 11 areas and each area accounts for 9 percent of the total body SURFACE AREA.
BOTH the anterior and posterior head and neck is estimated as 9% of body.

6. CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS

7. CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS:
First-degree burn: only the epidermis is damaged.
What is usually considered a first degree burn? sunburn

8. CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS:
Second-degree burn: the epidermis & upper dermis are damaged.
What is the appearance of the skin? red and blisters
Can regeneration of the epithelium occur? yes (some epithelium still present)

9. CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS:
Third-degree burn: destroys
entire thickness of skin
These burns are referred to as
FULL thickness burns.
Skin grafts are necessary because regeneration is no longer a possibility.

10. SKIN CANCER BENIGN vs. MALIGNANT
Cancerous skin tumors that spread and invade other body areas are malignant.
BIGGEST RISK FACTOR FOR SKIN CANCER IS overexposure to UV radiation.

13. 3 TYPES OF SKIN CANCER:
1) Basal cell carcinoma
Least malignant / most common type.
Cells of the stratum basale cannot form keratin.
No longer is a boundary between epidermis and dermis.

14. 3 TYPES OF SKIN CANCER:
2) Squamous cell carcinoma
Arises from the cells of stratum spinosum.
This epidermal cancer is also believed to be sun-induced.

15. 3 TYPES OF SKIN CANCER: 3) malignant melanoma
Cancer of PIGMENT PRODUCING CELLS or melanocytes.
About 5% of skin cancers are this type.
Melanoma can begin wherever there is pigment; some cancers develop from pigmented moles.
Often deadly; chance for survival is about 50%.
Early detection is key!

16. ABCDE Rule
Used to examine spot of high pigment or moles  Early detection of skin cancer!
A asymmetry two sides do not look the same
B border irregularity indentations are visible – not smooth
C color blacks, tans, browns – sometimes reds and blues
D diameter larger than the size of a pencil eraser – 6 mm
E evolving changes over time