1. The Mole
Molar Conversions

2. A. What is the Mole? A counting unit
Similar to a dozen, except instead of 12, it’s 602 billion trillion 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
6.02 X 1023 (in scientific notation)
This number is named in honor of
Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856),

3. A. What is the Mole? HOW LARGE IS IT???
1 mole of hockey pucks would equal the mass of the moon!
1 mole of basketballs would fill a bag the size of the earth!
1 mole of pennies would cover the Earth 1/4 mile deep!

4. How does a Mole relate? 1 Mole of anything has 6.02 x 1023 particles
If I had 1 mol of cookies, how many cookies would I have?
If I had 1 mol of cars, how many cars would I have?
If I had 1 mol of Aluminum, how many atoms I have?
Note that the NUMBER is always the same, but the MASS is very different!

5. The “Units” of Moles
1 mole of Carbon = x atoms (Individual elements are measured in atoms)
1 mole of H2O= x 1023 molecules (Covalent compounds are measured in molecules)
1 mole of NaCl = x 1023 “formula units” (Ionic compounds are measured in ions)
6.02 x 1023 Na+ ions and
6.02 x 1023 Cl– ions

6. Learning Check 1. Number of atoms in 0.500 mole of Al a) 500 Al atoms
b) x 1023 Al atoms
c) x 1023 Al atoms
2.Number of moles of S in 1.8 x 1024 S atoms
a) mole S atoms
b) mole S atoms
c) x 1048 mole S atoms

7. Molar Mass
Describes the mass (how heavy) 1 mole of an element or compound is.
Atomic mass tells the:
Atomic Mass Units (AMU)
Used to determine the mass of a single element.
Grams per mole (g/mol)
used to describe the mass of one mole of a chemical compound.
Typically rounded to 2 decimal places

8. Learning Check!
Find the molar mass – Round to two decimal places. It is important for significant digits!
= g/mol
1 mole of Br atoms
1 mole of Sn atoms
= g/mol

9. Molar Mass Examples for molecules and compounds:
Water
sodium chloride
H2O
2(1.01) = g/mol
NaCl
= g/mol

10. Learning Check! A. Molar Mass of K2O = ? g/mol
B. Molar Mass for Al(OH)3 = ?

11. Molar Conversions (Road Map)
molar mass
6.02  1023
Gram Gardens
Mole Island
Particle Palace
(g/mol)
(particles/mol)

12. Grams to Moles How many moles of carbon are in 26 g of carbon? 26 g C
1 mol C
12.01 g C
= 2.2 mol C

13. Grams to Moles How many moles of oxygen are in 85 g of Oxygen? 85 g O
1 mol O
16.00 g O
= 5.3 mol O

14. Moles to Grams How many grams of oxygen are in 0.25 moles of oxygen?
0.25 mol O
16.00 g O
1 mol O
= 4.0 grams O

15. Moles to Grams How many grams of carbon are in 3.45 moles of carbon?
3.45 mol C
12.01 g C
1 mol C
= 41.4 grams C

16. Moles to Particles How many molecules are in 2.50 moles of C12H22O11?
6.02  1023
molecules
1 mol
2.50 mol
= 1.51  1024
molecules
C12H22O11

17. Particles to Moles How many moles are in
1.505 x 1023 molecules of HCl?
1.505 1023
molecules
1 mol
= Moles HCl
6.02  1023
molecules