1. Diagnostic Tools

2. Digital Rectal Exam DRE
finger inserted into rectum to check for abnormalities of prostate gland
growths or enlargement of gland
females checked for problems in reproductive organs
Hemorrhoids or growths in rectum

3. Pap Smear Cervical cancer testing
Cells gently scraped from inside of cervix
Cells sent to lab for analysis for abnormalities

4. Pap Smear
Adenocarcinoma
Normal

5. Biopsy Tissue sample taken from body
Done if initial tests on tissues are abnormal
Area is numbed and tissue removed
Usually only definitive diagnosis of for most cancers

6. Types of Biopsies Bone marrow (hip)
Endoscopic (mouth, rectum, urinary tract, incision)
Needle (skin, breast, lymph nodes)
Skin
Surgical (breast or lymph, if other results inconclusive)