1. ID: Analysis Phase : by the end of the session you should be able to
Define performance analysis , needs assessments, and instructional goals
Write an instructional goal that meet the criteria for initiating the design of effective instruction
Evaluate instructional goal for congruence of learners characteristics
Unint 2 , Session 1

2. Assessing Needs to Identify Instructional Goal(s)
Chapter 2: Dick & Carey
Unint 2 , Session 1

3. Background Needs Assessments = NAs
Nas thought to be the most critical part of the I.D. process
NAs used to identify instructional goals
Unint 2 , Session 1

4. Needs Assessments (NAs) are used to identify instructional goals (review)
Unint 2 , Session 1

5. NAs
Another way of thinking about the first step in the instructional design process is to determine the current status quo of the learners involved and identify the goal to be reached by the learners.
Unint 2 , Session 1

6. NAs are: Used to identify the nature of the organizational problem
Used to solve an problem existing
actuals
optiomals
feelings
causes
solutions
Unint 2 , Session 1

7. Methods used to identify goals
SME (Subject Matter Expert)
PT (Performance Technology)
Unint 2 , Session 1

8. SMEs 1. Teach how they were taught 2. Teach what they were taught
3. Try to improve on number 2
4. Tend to emphasize communication of information from trainer to student
Unint 2 , Session 1

9. PTs Goals set in response to problems No preconceived notion of:
what will be included in the instructional package
what training is needed
IDers works with those in charge of quality & productivity goals
Unint 2 , Session 1

10. Instructional goals defined
Defined as: What you want the learner to be able to do after training (instruction)
Derived from:
a needs assessment
a list of goals
practical experiences
an analysis of someone doing the job (task analysis)
Are rather broad indications of the problem to be solved
A goal analysis is then used to find a more refined statement(s) that focus on what the learner will be able to do
Unint 2 , Session 1

11. Instructional goals use action verbs
“Will solve...”
“Will blind rivet”
“Will apply...”
Unint 2 , Session 1

12. “Good”instructional goals
Describe the problem precisely
Determine how to solve it efficiently & effectively
Save $$$$$$$$ when instruction is found not to be needed or is misplaced
Unint 2 , Session 1

13. Examples of “Fuzzy” Instructional Goals
Appreciating handmade furniture
Sensing good paintings
Being aware of how to make hot cakes
Unint 2 , Session 1

14. How to Clarify a Fuzzy Goal
1. Write it down
2. Brainstorm to identify the behaviors learners would demonstrate to reflect their achievement of the goal
3. Select those behaviors that best represent the goal
4. Select indicators of the behavior
5. Incorporate each indicator into a statement that describes what the learner will do
6. Evaluate the resulting statement for its clarity and relationship to the original fuzzy notion
Unint 2 , Session 1

15. Clarifying a Fuzzy Goal -- Example
Original goal: Personnel will know the value of courteous, friendly service.
Unint 2 , Session 1

16. Instructional goals are stated in terms of:
Skills
Knowledge
Attitudes
Unint 2 , Session 1

17. Clarifying a Fuzzy Goal (continued)
Revised Version: Personnel will demonstrate courteous, friendly behavior while greeting customers, transacting business, and concluding transactions
Unint 2 , Session 1

18. Clarifying a Fuzzy Goal (continued
Final goal: Personnel will demonstrate courteous, friendly behavior while greeting customers, transacting business, and concluding transactions by initiating conversations, personalizing comments, focusing attention, assisting with forms, and concluding with a “thanks” and a wish for the customer’s well-being
Unint 2 , Session 1

19. Summary Needs Assessments are used to determine instructional goals
Using SMEs to develop goals may cause problems
Most new goals are “fuzzy”
Fuzzy goals can be rewritten
Unint 2 , Session 1

20. ACTIVITY
Working in a group of three discuss with your group how you conduct the analysis phase to state your project goal/goals?
A sample of the groups discussion results will be presented to the class
Unint 2 , Session 1