1. Circulation and the Blood Vessels
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Circulation and the Blood Vessels

2. Cardiopulmonary Circulation
Carries blood from heart to lungs
Superior and inferior vena cava to right atrium through _________ valve into the right ventricle
Deoxygenated blood to lungs via the _________ artery
Oxygen/carbon dioxide exchange at the alveoli
Oxygenated blood flows to the __________ atrium via the _____________ vein
SEE FIGURE 14-1 PG 286

3. General (Systemic) Circulation (SEE FIGURES 14-3 and 14-4 pgs 268 and 269)
Aorta: largest artery in the body
Aortic arch is where the arteries branch from
Coronary arteries: first branch of the aorta
Takes blood to the myocardium
Systemic circulation
3 branches from aorta supply the arms, neck, and head
Remaining arteries branch from the descending aorta and supply the rest of the body
Veins carry waste products to the superior and inferior vena cava and then back to the right atrium

4. Blood Vessels Arteries Arterioles Veins Venules Capillaries
Jugular vein
Located in neck
Carotid artery
Carries blood to brain
Also found in neck

5. Arteries Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the capillaries
Except for what artery?
Elastic, muscular, and thick-walled
Transport blood under very high pressure
Strongest of the blood vessels
Arterioles
Small arteries

6. Veins Carry deoxygenated blood away from capillaries to the heart
Less elastic and muscular than arteries
Thin-walled, collapse easily when not filled with blood
Superior and inferior vena cava carry blood to the heart
Have valves that permit blood flow in only 1 direction; prevents backflow; large number in lower extremities b/c fighting gravity
Venules
Small veins

7. Capillaries Smallest blood vessels Only seen with microscope
Connect arterioles and venules
Walls are one-cell thick, which allows for selective permeability
Nutrition, oxygen, metabolic waste, WBCs, and some plasma

8. Blood Pressure Systolic Diastolic
Pressure on the vessels at the time of contraction
Avg. 120 mm/Hg
Diastolic
When the ventricles are relaxed
Avg. 80 mm/Hg

9. Pulse (SEE FIGURE pg 297)
Alternating expansion and contraction of an artery as blood flows through it
7 paired locations are:
Brachial artery: elbow
Common carotid artery: neck
Femoral artery: groin
Dorsalis pedis artery: top of foot
Popliteal artery: behind knee
Radial artery: wrist
Temporal artery: side of head