1. Aim: How did President Hoover and President Franklin D
Aim: How did President Hoover and President Franklin D. Roosevelt respond to the Great Depression?
Do Now: Read the primary source and answer the questions.

2. Document #1:
Herbert Hoover, “Annual Message to Congress on the State of the Union,” December 2, 1930
“Economic depression cannot be cured by [government action]… every individual should maintain his self-reliance; that each and every one should search for methods of improving his business… that each should seek to assist his neighbors who may be less fortunate...”
Document 2: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, “First Inaugural Address,” March 4, 1933
“This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself... This nation asks for action, and action now. Our greatest primary task is to put people to work... It can be accomplished in part by direct recruiting by the Government”

3. When President Herbert Hoover took office, the unemployment rate was 4
When President Herbert Hoover took office, the unemployment rate was 4.4 percent. When he left, it was 23.6 percent.

4. President Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover became the U.S. president in 1929.
He was a Republican and he believed that it was NOT the role of the government to help the people and offer relief.
He believed that it was the job of private institutions and individuals to help the poor.

5. President Herbert Hoover
Hoover believed in “Trickledown Economics” (giving aid to the top) which means that Hoover believed that by helping big business (the top) the wealth would trickle down to the people (the bottom).

6. Why would some say that this theory does NOT work?

7. How did most Americans feel about President Hoover???
Bonus Army: After World War 1, Congress promised veterans bonuses (extra pay) and by the 1930s, 15,000 veterans marched in Washington DC to ask for their bonus but when Congress refused, the veterans stayed in DC to protest. They built shantytowns to stay with their families since many were homeless.
Hoover ordered an army regiment to force the Bonus Army to out of DC. The veterans were attacked with tear gas and bayonets and 2 were killed.
Many Americans were outraged. How could the army treat veterans of the Great War with such disrespect?

8. Hoover’s Response Pro’s Con’s
His philosophy called for “self-reliance” for people to be hard workers and not rely or wait for the government to help.
Hundreds of Americans died of hunger, thousands committed suicide and 1 in every 3 Americans did not have a job… something needed to be done!

9. Franklin D. Roosevelt became the 32nd U. S
Franklin D. Roosevelt became the 32nd U.S. president in 1933, and was the only president to be elected four times. Roosevelt brought hope as he promised that "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself."

10. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
FDR became the U.S. president in 1933 and served until 1945 (4 terms).
He was a Democrat and the governor of NY. He told voters “I pledge you to a new deal for the American people”
Roosevelt believed that it was the job of the government to aid the people.
He believed that the country needed confidence to get out of the depression.

11. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
The first 100 days—FDR promised to “take action” and within his first days as president he worked with the US Congress to create the “New Deal” new programs to help the economic recovery.
Roosevelt called for a “bank holiday” to restore order and confidence in American banks.
Fireside chats—FDR held radio addresses in which he spoke directly to the people.

12. FDR’s ‘Court-Packing Plan’
The US Supreme Court declared many New Deal programs unconstitutional. In response, Roosevelt wanted to “pack” the Supreme Court with younger judges that would favor his ideas.
His plan was to add 6 more justices and replace those over 70.
His plan was voted down by Congress, but eventually in the 12 years that FDR served as president he got to appoint 8 justices.

13. Roosevelt Response Pro’s Con’s
His approach was criticized for making some people rely solely on government help and become lazy. He was also feared by some who believed he was power hungry and wanted to change the US Constitution.
He called for confidence in the country and immediate action. His new deal helped the country and the people.

14. Activity What is the claim of the author of this document?
Analyze the political cartoons and determine the claim of the author.
What is the claim of the author of this document?
What evidence does the author include to prove the claim?