1. Chemical Bonding

2. Chemical Bonds
When atoms of different elements combine to form compounds, the position of one or more electrons in the valence shell of each combining atom is altered.
When such a shift in the location of electrons occurs, a force of attraction develops between the atoms involved.
This force of attraction holds the two atoms together and is called a CHEMICAL BOND.

3. Chemical Reactions
The formation and breaking of chemical bonds occur during chemical reactions.

4. Types of Chemical Bonds
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Metallic Bonds

5. Noble Gases
The electron configuration of the noble gases are highly stable
They all have a full octet – their outer electron shell is full
Atoms all want to be stable
They will either lose, gain, or share electrons to become stable

6. Ionic Bonding Occurs between a metal and a nonmetal
Electrons from the valence shell of the metal will be transferred to the valence shell of the nonmetal
Therefore,
Metals lose electrons to achieve a stable octet
Nonmetals gain electrons to achieve a stable octet

7. Na Cl Drawing Ionic Bonding 2 1 3 8 4 7 5 +1 6 -1
Draw each separate diagram 8 +1 -1

8. Naming Ionic Compounds
When you name compounds, first name the cation then the anion
Keep the cation the way it is
Keep the first syllable of the anion and then change the rest to –ide
Example: NaCl
Sodium, Chlorine
Sodium Chloride

9. Covalent Bonding
Occurs between 2 non-metals
Electrons are shared

10. Naming Covalent Bonds
When you name covalent compounds you must following the rules:
Write the name of the first element as it appears on the periodic table
For the second element, keep the root word and add –ide to the end
Example: oxygen = oxide
Add prefixes to show how many there are of each element
1 – mono
2 – di
3 – tri
4 – tetra
5 – penta
6 - hexa
H2O2
Dihydrogen dioxide