1. Monday, October 5, 2015

2. Announcements Today: Powerpoint demonstration Room: 228 Time: 1pm- 2pm
*Bring your thumb/flash drive to save your work
Wednesday- CASAS #2
Friday: English Lounge #2 Daily Life and Habits at 11:45 am

3. Agenda Movie trailers Grammar charts
Adjective clauses with prepositions

4. Unit 13- Adjective Clauses with Prepositions
The movie stars Morgan Freeman and Matt Damon as Mandela and Pienaar, both of whom play roles to near perfection.
An American couple, played by Brad Pitt and Cate Blanchet, are traveling in Morocco when the wife is wounded by a stray bullet.
Science-fiction films, a compelling example of which is Avatar, continue to be popular.

5. 4. Mandela reaches out to Francouse Pienaar, the captain of the mostly-white national rugby team, with whom he develops an enduring friendship.
Jamal recounts events in his life illustrating how he knew the answers to the questions.

6. In groups of three, study these sentences and match them with their structures in the grammar charts.

7. Individually, select one sentence from the text and identify which of the charts show their structure. Share your sentences with the class.

8. Relative pronouns as objects of prepositions
whom
who
which
that
whose

9. whom, who, that  for people
Jane likes the manager. She works for him.
preposition object
for whom she works.
whom she works for.
Jane likes the manager who she works for Formal
that she works for.
Ǿ she works for.

10. How can we think of the following sentence?
What two sentences are you combining?
Bill is the man. I spoke to him.
preposition object
Bill is the man to whom I spoke.
whom I spoke to.
who I spoke to.
that I spoke to.
I spoke to.
Notice something about the placement of the prepositions?

11. That’s the film to which he referred.
which he referred to.
that he referred to.
Ǿ he referred to.

12. which, that  for things, places and animals
The picture is beautiful. Tony is looking at it.
preposition object
at which Tony is looking is beautiful.
The picture which Tony is looking at is beautiful.
that Tony is looking at is beautiful.
Ǿ Tony is looking at is beautiful.
at which which that Ǿ
most formal   informal

13. I heard the horrible news. Everyone was talking about it.
The news about which we were talking was horrible.
which we were talking about was horrible.
that we were talking about was horrible.
Ǿ we were talking about was horrible.

14. It is the studio. He works for that studio.
It’s the studio for which he works.
It’s the studio for that he works.
A preposition cannot come at the beginning in a clause with that.

15. Where  locations Where replaces which, that, Ǿ and the preposition in or at.
in which my father lives
which my father lives in
The building that my father lives in is old.
Ǿ my father lives in
The building where my father lives is old.

16. Caution!!!
Whose can’t be omitted in adjective clauses with prepositions.
She’s the author. I love her work.
She’s the author whose work I love.
She’s the author work I love.
Janice is a wonderful student. Her smile makes me happy.
Janice is a wonderful student whose smile makes me happy.
Janice is a wonderful student smile makes me happy.

17. How many types of adjective clauses are there?
Remember: One describes the noun and one adds extra information.
Identifying
My friend whose house I go to is messy.
The team to which I am referring is the Boston Red Sox.
Non-identifying
My friend, whose house I go to, is messy.
The team, to which I am referring, is the Boston Red Sox.

18. The film to which I am referring is Avatar.
(identifying)
Avatar, to which I am referring, is exciting.
(nonidentifying)
In which of these is it possible to omit the relative pronoun and move the preposition to the end?

19. Let’s practice
Notice that if you put the preposition before the relative pronoun and you are referring to a thing, you can only use “which”, not in that or in nothing.   
Now you try. Add a relative pronoun and preposition to each sentence below.
1. The bus was late. We were waiting for it.
The bus ________________ we were waiting ______________ was an hour late.
2. The man was very angry. Maria was arguing with him.
The man ________________ Maria was arguing ____________ was very angry.

20. Adjective clauses with prepositions
Prepositions can come before adjective clauses starting with whom, which, and whose
They cannot come before adjective clauses with that.
Where else can they be placed?
You can also omit the relative pronouns after a preposition. When we do this, the preposition moves to the end.
I think about this man.
He’s the man about whom I think.
He’s the man whom I think about.
He’s the man I think about.

21. Adjective clauses with prepositions
Whose cannot be omitted.
The Boston Red Sox, whose fans are the best, have a long history in baseball.
The Boston Red Sox, fans are the best, have a long history in baseball.
Why can’t we omit whose?

22. Quantifiers of Relative Pronouns
What’s a quantifier again?
Quantifiers are used to describe many nouns.
Quantifiers come after the main clause to describe people or things. When used in this way, it is very formal.
When we use prepositions and quantifiers along with relative pronouns, they look like this:
quantifier prep relative pronoun
I have many students, most of who are Chinese.
I took many classes, some of which I enjoyed.
I want to be roommates with my friend Gina, one of whose biggest interests is baseball.

23. With main clauses…
If the quantifier occurs within the main clause, it is enclosed in commas.
Her books, most of which I’ve read, are popular.
If the quantifier occurs after the main clause, only one comma is required after the main clause.
I read a lot of books last summer, most of which were mystery novels.

24. When referring to things…
Some adjective clauses have a different pattern.
I stayed at a good hotel, the facilities of which are fabulous.
Another way to say this is: I stayed at a good hotel. The facilities of this hotel are fabulous.
This is the machine, the properties of which I described.
What’s another way to say this sentence?
This is the machine. I described the properties of this machine.
Actors, an example of which is Johnny Depp, earn a lot of money.
Why is this sentence incorrect?
Musicals, an example of which is Mamma Mia, are still popular.
She has reviewed films, an example of which is Shrek.
Why is example singular?
Why is occurrences plural? (in the book)

25. Adjective Clauses-> Adjective phrases
We sometimes shorten adjective clauses to adjective phrases with the same meaning.
What is a clause? A group of words that has a subject and a verb.
What is a phrase? A group of words that DOESN’T have both a subject and a verb.
The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, which is the second best team in baseball, are playing tonight at 7:00 P.M.
The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, which is the second best team in baseball, are playing tonight at 7:00 P.M. adjective phrase
Maria, who is my mother, is the kindest woman I know.
Maria, who is my mother, is the kindest woman I know. adjective phrase
Anyone who is interested in cinema should see this film.
Anyone who is interested in cinema should see this film. adjective phrase
Is any information lost when the adjective clause is shortened to a phrase?
No 

26. Reducing adjective clauses to adjective phrases
What is a clause?
What is a phrase?
When we do this, we can delete the be verb and the relative pronoun. P. 216 #5
Anyone who is interested in movies should see the film.
Joe is a man who is always on time.
The book, which is required for the class, costs $40.
I can do this with identifying and non-identifying adjective clauses.

27. Reducing adjective clauses to adjective phrases
Caution!!! You can only do this when who, which or that is the subject.
The man, whose wife goes to the gym everyday, runs 10 miles every morning.
What are two problems you find when trying to turn the above relative adjective clause into an adjective phrase?
1. You cannot omit the relative pronoun- whose
2. The sentence does not have a be- verb

28. Instead, you can change it.
Delete the relative pronoun and change the verb to the ing form.
Guatemala, which produces the best coffee in the world, is the most beautiful country in Central America.
Guatemala, producing the best coffee in the world, is the most beautiful country in Central America.
Note* You can only do this when who, which or that are the subject pronoun of the clause.
I love cities that have a lot of tall buildings.
I love cities having a lot of tall buildings.

29. This American Life- Stuck in the Middle
We are going to listen to a recording about a man who does something strange when he flies on airplanes.
Fill in the blanks:
My name is _________ and I _____ at _______ on __________.
Not sometimes, _____________.
And not some movies, _____________.
Why does he cry?
How did his friend react when he told him his secret?
What did his friend say?

30. What did Brett do when he was flying and they announced that the movie they were going to play was Under the Tuscan Sun?
Why?
Is Brett alone in the fact that he cries on airplanes while watching movies?
What happened to Greg?
What happened to Lindsay?
She said that ________________ $2.00.
“Wow, I can’t believe I’m crying in a movie __________________________ to.