1. Lesson 8
Nucleic Acids

2. Objectives Lesson 8 Identify the components of a nucleotide.
Compare the sugars: ribose and deoxyribose.
Identify the five nitrogen bases.
Compare the structure and function of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules.

3. Nucleic Acid Structure
Monomer - Nucleotide
Nucleotide parts:
Nitrogen base
Sugar
Phosphate group
Nucleoside: Nitrogen base and Sugar
Adenosine: Adenine + Ribose

5. Nitrogen Bases Nitrogen bases: Bases in DNA: A, T, C, and G
Bases in RNA: A, U, C, and G
Base in ATP: A

6. Purines
2 ringed structure
Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines
1 ring structure
Thymine, Uracil, and Cytosine

7. Phosphate groups in Nucleic Acids
DNA and RNA: 1 phosphate group/nucleotide
ATP: 3 phosphate (Adenosine Triphosphate)

8. Sugars Sugars in nucleic acids:
Ribose for Ribonucleic Acid and Adenosine Triphosphate (RNA and ATP)
5 carbon (pentose) sugar
Deoxyribose in Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
5 carbon sugar (lacking an oxygen, but otherwise exactly the same as ribose)

9. Function of Nucleic Acids
DNA - contains the "blueprint for life"
RNA - transfers that information to the organelles of the cell to make proteins
ATP - provides the "energy for life" - it is "spendable" energy - just the right amount for cellular functions