1. Reproductive Hormones

2. Reproductive Hormones
Male gonads (testes) produce sperm.
Female gonads (ovaries) produce eggs.

3. Male Reproductive System

4. Male Reproductive System
Sex hormones: androsterone & testosterone.
Function:
Stimulates spermatogenesis.
Stimulates secondary sex characteristics.
Increases secretion of body oils.
Increases sex drive.

5. Male Reproductive System

6. Female Reproductive System

7. Female Reproductive System
Sex hormones:
Estrogen & Progesterone

8. Female Reproductive System
Ovaries contain cells called follicles.
Follicles consist of:
Primary oocyte.
Granulosa cells.

9. OOgenesis FSH & LH released. Primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I.
Forms a secondary oocyte and a polar body.
Granulosa cells divide.
Forms a fluid-filled cavity (antrum) around the secondary oocyte.
Serves as nutrition for oocyte.

10. Ovulation Secondary oocyte ruptures ovarian wall.
Enters the fallopian tubes.
Remaining follicle cells form the corpus luteum.
Secretes estrogen and progesterone.

11. Oogenesis & Ovulation

12. Meiosis II Dependent on Fertilization
No fertilization?
Corpus luteum degenerates and leaves a scar (corpus albicans).
Fertilization?
Meiosis II occurs.
Secondary oocyte divides to form a fertilized egg/ovum (zygote) & a polar body.

14. Female Reproductive System

15. Menstrual Cycle 4 phases: Flow (day 0 – 5). Follicular (day 6 – 13).
Ovulatory (day 14).
Luteal (day 15 – 28).

16. Menstrual Cycle Flow Phase: Shedding of endometrium.
Marks beginning of menstrual cycle.

17. Menstrual Cycle Follicular Phase: Development of follicle.
Estrogen secreted.
Triggers thickening of endometrium.

18. Menstrual Cycle Ovulatory Phase: Ovulation occurs.
Secondary oocyte released from ovary.

19. Menstrual Cycle Luteal Phase: Corpus luteum develops.
Secretes estrogen and progesterone.
Endometrium continues to thicken.
* Progesterone inhibits further ovulation & prevents uterine contractions.

20. Menstrual Cycle No fertilization? Estrogen and progesterone decreases.
Uterine contractions cause the shedding of the endometrium.

21. Menstrual Cycle

22. *Males and females both have male and female sex hormones, but in varying levels.