1. Objectives of Session 9
To identify changes in levels and scope of agricultural research investment by private and public institutions
To discuss the differences between developing and developed countries, and between regions
To analyze the implications for the types of agricultural technology that result and how PGR are utilized
To identify the implications for the conservation of PGR

2. Changes in Levels and Scope of Agricultural Research Investment by Private and Public Institutions
Long-term data series on private and public investment in agricultural research for both developing and developed countries are difficult to obtain
In more recent years, private investment in agricultural research has grown much more rapidly than public investment

3. Contributing Factors to Rapid Rate of Increase in Private Agricultural Research Investment
New technological and market opportunities related to scientific advances
Changes in intellectual property regimes that have allowed private sector firms to capture more of the benefits that result from research
New institutional structures for public and private sector research collaboration and technology transfer
Increased globalization of agricultural input markets

4. Differences Between Developing and Developed Countries, and Between Regions
General differences
Trends in plant breeding
Implications for technology development
Implications for access
Implications for the conservation of PGR

5. Agricultural R&D Expenditures (excluding Eastern Europe, Former Soviet Union)
Source: Pardey and Beintema 2001; Alston, Pardey, and Smith 1999.

6. Natural Domains for Public and Private Plant Breeding Programmes
Source: Morris and Ekasingh forthcoming.

7. Real Public & Private Sector Expenditures on Plant Breeding, U. S
Real Public & Private Sector Expenditures on Plant Breeding, U.S., Research Deflator
Source: Heisey, Srinivasan, and Thirtle 2001.

8. Total CGIAR Investment and Approximate CGIAR Plant Breeding Investment
Source: CGIAR Annual Reports; Alston, Pardey and Smith 1999.