1. Targeted Genome Editing in Genes and cis-Regulatory Regions Improves Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Crops 
Xitao Li, Yongyao Xie, Qinlong Zhu, Yao-Guang Liu 
Molecular Plant 
Volume 10, Issue 11, Pages (November 2017)
DOI: /j.molp
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2. Figure 1
Strategies for Removing and Modifying Gene Function by Genome-Editing Technology.
(A) Targeted editing at a site or sites (small arrows) in the gene coding sequence (CDS) using a genome-editing system usually produces frameshift, premature stop codon, or fragment deletion, and thus completely destroys gene function and causes phenotypic variation of the trait.
(B) For duplicated gene copies (A1, A2, or more copies) that have a gene dosage effect on the trait, selective knocking out of part of the copies by targeted editing (in CDS, or deletion of the whole gene sequence as indicated by the dotted line) can generate gene dosage-reduced mutant alleles that may cause phenotypic variation. The asterisk indicates varied nucleotide(s) that can be used to design a specific target-site/PAM (protospacer adjacent motif) for editing in A2 but not in A1.
(C) Targeted editing at one, two, or multiple sites in the promoter region containing cis-regulatory elements (CREs) to generate multiple cis-regulatory mutant alleles, which may alter the expression level and/or pattern of the gene and produce quantitative variation of the trait. Destroyed CREs and deleted sequences are shown by gray shapes and dotted lines, respectively.
Molecular Plant  , DOI: ( /j.molp )
Copyright © 2017 The Author Terms and Conditions