1. Physical Science
Matter

2. matter
_______________is anything that has mass and takes up space.

3. element
2. All matter is made of elements. An _____________is a material that cannot be broken down into anything simpler. Scientists know of more than 112 elements. They can be found in the periodic table of elements.

4. metal, nonmetals, metalloids
3. Elements can be classified as _________________, ______________, or _____________________.

5. atom
4. An ____________ is the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element.

6. proton, atomic number
5. Atoms are made of even smaller particles. A _______________ is a particle with one unit of positive electrical charge. The number of protons in an atom is called the _________ ________ and determines which element it is.

7. neutron, nucleus
6. A _________________ is a particle with no electric charge --- it is neutral. Protons and neutrons are found in the
center of the atom, or the __________________.

8. # Protons + # neutrons = _______________
electrons, atomic mass
7. Atoms also contain ___________________, which are smaller
particles with one unit of negative electric charge each. Electrons move within the space outside of the nucleus. Usually the number of protons and neutrons are equal, so atoms have no overall charge.
# Protons + # neutrons = _______________

9. compound 8. A _______________ forms when two or more elements
combine. Compounds have properties different from their
individual elements. Compounds have chemical formulas.

10. molecule
9. A ____________________ forms when two or more atoms join together and share electrons.

11. symbol, capital
10. Each element has a _______________. The symbol for most
elements are one or two letters with the first
letters always ____________ and the second letter never
capital.

12. Dmitri Mendeleev, periodic table,
11. In 1869, ____________ _______________ made element cards and ordered the elements from lightest to heaviest. He made the cycles of elements into rows on a table and called it the ______________ _______________, because the properties repeat in cycles or periods.

13. solid, liquid, gas
12. A state of matter is one of the three common forms that matter can take: __________________, _______________, or ____________________.

14. solid
13. A _______________ stays in a definite shape with a definite volume no matter what container it is in.

15. liquids
14. __________________ have a definite volume, but not a definite shape.

16. gas
15. A ____________ has no definite volume or shape. This property allows gases to inflate things, such as balls and tires.