1. Marine Reptiles and Birds

2. Class Reptilia

3. Characteristics Strong bony skeleton Well developed lungs
Most have 2 pairs of legs
Legs are thick
Toes with claws
Excretory system designed to conserve water

4. Characteristics Cont’d
Color change
Dominant sense – sight
Uric acid – primary excretory product
4 chambered heart
Sex determination
- high temp – males
- low temp - females

5. Order Testudines Turtles @ 225 species Beak rather than teeth
Eat plants and animals
Most are highly endangered
Leatherback up to 9’ and 1 ton.

8. Order Squamata Suborder Sauria
Lizards
Eat plants and animals
Komodo Dragon – up to 10 ft long
Marine Iguanas – feed on algae

12. Order Squamata Suborder Serpentes
Snakes
No limbs
Strong flexible bodies
Oviparous or ovoviviparous
Well developed sense of taste and smell

13. Snake Feeding
Jacobson’s organs – olfactory pouches used to track prey and find females
Pit organs – detect heat
Swallow prey whole
Upper and lower jaws can move independently
Posteriorly pointing teeth

14. Snake Venom Hemotoxins - destroy red blood cells and
cause internal bleeding
- vipers
Neurotoxins
– paralyze nerve cells, respiratory
paralysis
- Cobras, coral snakes, and sea
snakes

16. Order Crocodilia Crocodiles and Alligators Differences Carnivores
Live in water
Extend nostrils above water for air

20. Class Aves

21. Composed mainly of keratin
Feathers
Composed mainly of keratin
Down feathers - soft, fluffy feathers providing insulation.
Filoplumes - thin, hair-like feathers.
Contour feathers - shape and color the body.
Flight feathers - specialized contour feathers on wings and tail that provide lift.

22. Feather Types

23. Skeleton
Light bones
Air sacs – greatly increase lung’s ability to take in oxygen.
Forelimbs function as wings, not for grasping
Types of feet based on type of food and environment.

24. Types of bills
Toothless
Depend on type of food gathered

25. Cardiovascular System
Body temperature is internally regulated (endothermic)
Heart is 4-chambered
High metabolism - provides the large amount of energy needed for flight.
Rapid heartbeat - moves large amount of blood through the body for gas exchange.

26. Nervous System Highly developed Controls flight, Helps navigation,
Enhances vision and hearing.

27. Digestive System Crop - stores food for processing by the gizzard.
Gizzard - grinds the food.

28. Shore Birds feed in intertidal zone, long legs and sharp beaks.
(ex. Sandpipers)

29. Gulls
predators and scavengers found all over the world. Generally live around shoreline.

30. Pelicans, Cormorants, etc
Dive for food
Gular pouch serves as a net

31. Albatross
Superb gliders (11ft wing span)
Return to land only to nest

32. Penguins Heavier bones and layers of fat.
Most highly adapted to life in the sea
Preyed upon by leopard seals & killer whales