1. Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Stephen P. Robbins , Organizational Behavior
Dessler, Gary, Human Resource Management
11th edition

2. Lecture outline - Individual
What is personality?
Measuring personality
Personality model
Personality traits relevant to OB
Values
Values and ethical behavior
Linking personality and values to workplace

3. Personality
Can you guys define personality??

4. Personality is the total sum of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
Rather than looking at the parts of the person, personality looks at the aggregate whole
It can be described in terms of measurable traits a person exhibit

5. Measuring personality
Can we measure personality??

6. Tests may measure several aspects of a person ranging from intelligence, abilities, interests, self esteem, emotional stability.
These aspects usually distinguish one person from another
A test is based on empirical research and theoretical background

7. Tests should be Valid Reliable Standardized Uniform Objective
Interpretable

8. Why do you think it is important to measure personality?

9. Personality tests can help in:
Screening
Selection
Succession planning
Career planning
Team building
Management development

10. Personality can be measured by:
Self report surveys
Observer rating surveys
Projective measures

11. Personality determinants
Do you think that personality is predetermined at birth, or was it a result of the individual’s interaction with his or her surroundings?

12. Heredity Factors determined at conception Physical features
Facial attractiveness
Gender
Temperament
Muscle composition
Energy level
Shyness
Fear
Aggression
Example of twins reared seperately

13. Personality model – big 5 model
Extraversion – comfort level with other
Agreeableness – propensity to defer to others
Conscientiousness – measure of reliability
Emotional stability – ability to withstand stress
Openness to experience – one’s range of interests and fascination with novelty

14. Big 5 model and OB Big 5 trait Why it is important?
What does it affect?
Emotional stability
- Less negative thinking and fewer negative emotions
- Less hyper-vigilant
Higher job and life satisfaction
Lower stress level
Extraversion
Better interpersonal skills
Greater social dominance
More emotionally expressive
Higher performance
Enhanced leadership
Openness
Increased learning
More creative
More flexible
Training performance
More adaptable to change
Agreeableness
Better liked
More compliant and conforming
Lower levels of deviant behavior
Conscientiousness
Greater effort and persistence
More drive and discipline
Better organized
Greater longevity

15. Personality tests relevant to OB
Core self evaluation – ones view on ones own self
Machiavellianism – degree to which an individual maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means.
Narcissism - liking ones own self, having a sense of importance, require extensive admiration
Risk taking
Proactive personality – people who identity opportunities, show initiatives, take action

16. Values
Basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end state of existence

17. Why are values important?

18. Terminal values Instrumental values
Desirable end states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve in life
Instrumental values
Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving ones terminal values

19. List you terminal values and instrumental values.

20. Terminal values
Instrumental values
A comfortable life
Ambitious
An exciting life
Broad-minded
A sense of accomplishment
Capable
A world at peace
Cheerful
A world of beauty
Clean
Equality
Courageous
Family security
Forgiving
Freedom
Helpful
Happiness
Honest
Inner harmony
Imaginative
Mature love
Independent
National security
Intellectual
Pleasure
Logical
Self respect
Loving
Social recognition
Obedient
True friendship
Polite
Wisdom
Responsible and self-controlled

21. Do you think there are any generational differences in values?
Age
Dominant work values
65+
Hardworking, conservative, conforming, loyalty to the organization
Mid 40s to mid 60s
Success, achievement, ambition, loyalty to career
Late 20s to early 40s
Work/life balance, team oriented, dislike of rules, loyalty to relationships
Under 30
Confident, financial success, self reliant but team oriented, loyalty to both self and relationships

22. Linking personality and values to workplace
Managers today are less interested in applicants ability to perform on a specific job rather than with the flexibility to meet the changing environment
Person-fit job
Organization-fit job