1. From Benchtop to Bedside
From benchtop to bedside  this is a very hot phrase right now in medicine, but what does it mean? We’ll find out over the next hour…
Implantable Medical Devices

2. The heart. And that’s what this guys wants…but why
The heart! And that’s what this guys wants…but why? Why is it so important to him to have a heart?
Answers: 1) It will make him happy (and other emotions)
2) He needs it to live! Blood circulation  oxygen, CO2 and many hormones!
But how does the heart do it all???

3. Because it’s the pump for the body
Because it’s the pump for the body! It circulates blood through muscular contractions, often referred to as heart beats. Does anyone know the pathway of blood if we’re starting here in the left ventricle?
LV  Aorta  Systemic Circulation  Vena Cava  Right Atrium  RV  Pulmonary Circulation  Left Atrium  LV
So how much blood does the average adult human have in their circulation?  5 L
But, just like any pump, it can end up failing…

4. Advanced Heart Failure
Stage IV – Severe. If any physical activity is undertaken, discomfort increases.
Causes include artery disease, heart attack, high blood pressure, and cardiomyopathy
The left ventricle often fails first…why?
Leads to inadequate pumping of oxygenated blood throughout the body

5. So what do we do for someone with a heart that is injured?
So what do we do for someone who’s heart is not working properly?

6. Mechanical Circulatory Support!

7. What is this? HeartWare Centrifugal LVAD
Inserts into the left ventricle and acts as a detour for the blood!
It draws blood from the ventricle through the spinning of a rotor in the cylindrical casing, and propels it back to the aorta

8. Who is involved?
Engineers
Cardiovascular Surgeons

9. Professional Collaboration
Engineers work with Doctors and Doctors work with Engineers
Learn from one another to develop solutions

10. 3 Concerns of Implantable Devices
Size – the smaller the better!
Cost – price efficiency is key!
Biocompatibility and Safety – must be accepted by the host and not cause complications!

11. Who is involved?
Engineers
Cardiovascular Surgeons

12. Cardiovascular Surgeons
Learn the cardiovascular anatomy of your patient and identify the problem.
Discuss with your engineering colleagues about possible solutions to the problem.
After those discussions conclude, begin the surgical procedure to establish the systemic circulation loop (ignore the right chambers of the heart).
Meet with the engineering team to learn about the device and how it is intended to treat the problem

13. Purse-String Suture Technique

14. Biomedical Engineers
Determine which engineer will specialize in Electrical Engineering and which will specialize in Mechanical Engineering
Meet with the surgical team and learn more about the problem they are facing.
Work with your partner to develop a solution to the problem, keeping the 3 key points of implantable devices in mind.
Develop instructions for the surgical team to follow during implementation.

15. Circuitry and Design

16. CARDIOVASCULAR SURGEONS
Learn Anatomy and Identify the Problem
Begin the Surgical Procedure
Meet and Discuss the Problem
Implement the Device
POINTS (0-10 for each)
Biocompatibility
- Neat/compact? Is there a lot of extra glue?
Effectiveness
- Does it WORK!?
Marketability
- Creative name!
Determine Role Specialization
Record the time you are done the surgery. The team with the least amount of leaking wins! If we have a tie, it will go to the team that completed surgery first.
Design the Device
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS