1. Quiz “Geraldo No Last Name”
Complete Questions #1-10 ONLY

2. How an Author’s Style Impacts Meaning
Pre-AP English 10

3. Objective
Students will analyze the cumulative impact of an author’s stylistic choices on meaning.
For today’s objective, I will ___________.

4. BIG QUESTION: What is style?
Style refers to the particular way writers use language to express their feelings and ideas.
Style is created through:
Diction=WORD CHOICE
Imagery
Details
Language
Sentence Length and Structure
Have the students cloze read the definition of style. Make them say the words that are in pink.
Have the students think-pair-share the question about style. Pick 2 students to share out (popsicle sticks)
TPS: What is style and how is style developed?
Style is __________________.
Style is developed through _______________.

5. How to Determine Style Using DIDLS
DIDLS is an approach that you can take to analyze an author’s STYLE and TONE.
Diction: word choice
Imagery: anything that appeals to the five senses
Details: what details are we given and what details are left out?
Language: What type of language is used?
Syntax (Sentence Structure): How are the sentences structured? What about the order of the words? Are sentences long? Short? How does that affect meaning?
When you are determining HOW an author’s STYLE impacts MEANING, you must ask:
What is the author’s PURPOSE
in making
his/her choices?
Have the students read each meaning of the acronym in DIDLS. Repetition helps so they remember all the academic vocabulary terms.

6. Diction
What does the author’s use of diction suggest about his or her attitude toward the subject, event, or character?
What are the connotations of a given word used in a particular context?
Slang
Colloquial
Jargon
Dialect
Denotation
Connotation
TPS:
What is diction? What should we ask ourselves when we analyze the diction in a text?
Diction is ____________. We should ask ___________ when analyzing diction in a text.
We will need to define the different types of diction when we work through this. Perhaps add examples?

7. Diction
“Geraldo No Last Name”
I will analyze the passage. You need to ANNOTATE as I explain.
Important Words I marked in my passage:
Pretty
Young
Dances
Cumbias
Salsas
Rancheras
Someone
Somebody
Night
She met him at a dance. Pretty too, and young. Said he worked in a restaurant, but she can’t remember which one. Geraldo. That’s all. Green pants and Saturday shirt. Geraldo. That’s what he told her. 
And how was she to know she’d be the last one to see him alive. An accident, don’t you know. Hit and run. Marin, she goes to all those dances. Uptown. Logan. Embassy. Palmer. Aragon. Fontana. The manor. She likes to dance. She knows how to do cumbias and salsas and rancheras even. And he was just someone she danced with. Somebody she met that night. That’s right. 
Question to Ask:
Why is this diction important?
This diction is important because it shows the types of dances that the characters were doing. It gives us a hint about perhaps their ethnicity as well as leaving suspense since Geraldo is described as “someone” and “somebody” which are general terms.

8. Objective
Students will analyze the cumulative impact of an author’s stylistic choices on meaning.
For today’s objective, I will ___________.

9. Imagery
Think-Pair-Share:
What do we look for when we look for imagery in a text?
When we look for imagery in a text, we must look for _________________.
What color, scents, sounds, tastes, or textures are present? Why are these elements important?
How does the imagery affect the meaning of the text? What is the author trying to accomplish by using them?
Have the students read the questions. Discuss the academic vocabulary to be sure they understand. Do a think-pair-share for the question.

10. Imagery
“Geraldo No Last Name”
I will analyze the passage. You need to ANNOTATE as I explain.
Important Imagery I marked in my passage:
“Worked in a restaurant”
“Green pants and Saturday Shirt”
“Hit and run”
“Someone she danced with”
She met him at a dance. Pretty too, and young. Said he worked in a restaurant, but she can’t remember which one. Geraldo. That’s all. Green pants and Saturday shirt. Geraldo. That’s what he told her. 
And how was she to know she’d be the last one to see him alive. An accident, don’t you know. Hit and run. Marin, she goes to all those dances. Uptown. Logan. Embassy. Palmer. Aragon. Fontana. The manor. She likes to dance. She knows how to do cumbias and salsas and rancheras even. And he was just someone she danced with. Somebody she met that night. That’s right. 
Question to Ask:
Why is this imagery important?

11. Details What important details are given to you in the text?
What information are you NOT given? Is this omitted information important?

12. “Geraldo No Last Name”
I will analyze the passage. You need to ANNOTATE as I explain.
Important Details I marked in my passage:
“She met him at a dance”
“Geraldo. That’s all.”
“…last one to see him alive”
“Marin, she goes to all those dances”
“She likes to dance”
“…just someone she danced with”
“Somebody she met that night”
Details
She met him at a dance. Pretty too, and young. Said he worked in a restaurant, but she can’t remember which one. Geraldo. That’s all. Green pants and Saturday shirt. Geraldo. That’s what he told her. 
And how was she to know she’d be the last one to see him alive. An accident, don’t you know. Hit and run. Marin, she goes to all those dances. Uptown. Logan. Embassy. Palmer. Aragon. Fontana. The manor. She likes to dance. She knows how to do cumbias and salsas and rancheras even. And he was just someone she danced with. Somebody she met that night. That’s right. 
Questions to Ask:
Why are these details important? What details are we not told?
These details are important because they show us that Marin likes to dance and meets many people when she dances. The details also show that Marin did not know Geraldo very well. In fact, we do not even know Geraldo’s last name, which makes him a mystery to the reader as well.

13. Language Think-Pair-Share:
What figures of speech––metaphors, similes, analogies, personification–– does the writer use?
Rhetorical Question          
food for thought; pose dilemma
Repetition                          
also called refrain; repeated word, sentence or phrase
Irony                                  
Either verbal or situational – good for revealing attitude
Allusion                              
refers to something universally known
Think-Pair-Share:
What do we look for when we look for language in a text?
When we look for language in a text, we must look for _________________.

14. Language “Geraldo No Last Name”
I will analyze the passage. You need to ANNOTATE as I explain.
Important Language I marked in my passage:
She met him at a dance. Pretty too, and young. Said he worked in a restaurant, but she can’t remember which one. Geraldo. That’s all. Green pants and Saturday shirt. Geraldo. That’s what he told her. 
And how was she to know she’d be the last one to see him alive. An accident, don’t you know. Hit and run. Marin, she goes to all those dances. Uptown. Logan. Embassy. Palmer. Aragon. Fontana. The manor. She likes to dance. She knows how to do cumbias and salsas and rancheras even. And he was just someone she danced with. Somebody she met that night. That’s right. 

15. Syntax Punctuation: Declarative Imperative Interrogative Exclamatory
Structure:
Simple
Compound
Complex
Compound-Complex
Sentence Length:
Fragments
Run-ons
Devices:
Repetition

16. Syntax “Geraldo No Last Name”
I will analyze the passage. You need to ANNOTATE as I explain.
Important Syntax I marked in my passage:
Notice how many sentences start with the word “she”
Notice how many sentences are SHORT
Notice that his name is its own sentence
Notice the repetition of sentences that start with “And”
Notice the repetition of sentences that start with “that’s”
She met him at a dance. Pretty too, and young. Said he worked in a restaurant, but she can’t remember which one. Geraldo. That’s all. Green pants and Saturday shirt. Geraldo. That’s what he told her. 
And how was she to know she’d be the last one to see him alive. An accident, don’t you know. Hit and run. Marin, she goes to all those dances. Uptown. Logan. Embassy. Palmer. Aragon. Fontana. The manor. She likes to dance. She knows how to do cumbias and salsas and rancheras even. And he was just someone she danced with. Somebody she met that night. That’s right. 

17. Relevance- Why is it important to understand an author’s style?
It is important to understand an author’s style because
An author’s style helps to reveal meaning and tone in a text which can help you to determine theme.
Understanding style and seeing different styles of authors helps to develop your own writing style.
Do you have your own reason?
TPS: Why is it relevant, or important, to learn about an author’s style?
It is relevant, or important, to learn about an author’s style because_____________________.

18. Partner Work Read the text Break down the text using DIDLS
Diction
Imagery
Details
Language
Syntax (Sentence Structure)
Analyze the cumulative impact of an author’s stylistic choices on meaning.
From the stylistic choices by the author of this text, we can determine ___________ because _______________________ _______________________ ___.
That’s the story. That’s what she said again and again. Once to the hospital people and twice to the police. No address. No name. Nothing in his pockets. Ain’t it a shame. 
Only Marin can’t explain why it mattered, the hours and hours, for somebody she didn’t even know. The hospital emergency room. Nobody but an intern working all alone. And maybe if the surgeon would’ve come, maybe if he hadn’t lost so much blood, if the surgeon had only come, they would know who to notify and where. 

19. You Do Work through the end of “Geraldo No Last Name”
Exit Ticket (8-10 sentences)
What is Sandra Cisneros’ purpose for her stylistic choices in “Geraldo No Last Name”?

20. Independent Practice Read “My Lucy Friend Who Smells Like Corn”
Work through the steps to analyze the style of the short story.
Due at the end of class