1. Unit 1 Classifying Matter Notes

2. Flow chart

3. Pure Substances (elements and compounds)
1. EVERY SAMPLE of a given pure substance has EXACTLY THE SAME characteristic properties.
a. Boiling point
Freezing point
Melting point
Density
2. Can NOT BE SEPARATED by PHYSICAL means
Ex: water always has a boiling point of 100 C, melting point of 0 C, freezing point of 0 C and a density of l.00 g/ml. Other pure substances have their own individual characteristics (bp, mp, fp, density)

7. Mixture –
Not the same as a compound. Usually composed of several substances.
CAN be separated by PHYSICAL means
2 kinds of mixtures

9. 1.Homogeneous mixtures – also called solutions have the same
composition throughout.
Ex: salt water

11. How Solutions are Made…

14. 2. Heterogeneous mixtures – the composition is NOT the same throughout; Ex: blue cheese dressing, sand and water, trail mix

16. Learning Check
Learning Check: Identify the following as pure substances (p) or mixtures (m):
___ Oxygen (O2)
___ Lemonade
___ Snickers bar
___ Distilled water
___ Dry ice
___ Soil P M M P P M

17. Learning Check
Learning Check: Classify the following as Homogeneous (ho) or Heterogenous mixtures (he)
___ Pure Air
___ Salsa
___ Chocolate chunk ice cream
___ Ink
___ Blood
___ Chicken noodle soup Ho He He Ho Ho He

18. Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES
1.Distillation – based on differences in boiling point: separating a mixture of alcohol and water. Alcohol has a lower boiling point than water so it will boil off sooner. Both substances will be retained

19. Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES
2.Filtration – based on
differences in solubility
and particle size
-liquid is passed through
materials with very small
holes to strain out particles.

20. Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES
3.Chromatography
– based on differences
in polarity
Example Video

21. Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES
4.Magnetism – separating iron and sand

22. Chemical Separation: Separates COMPOUNDS
Electrolysis – a method of separating compounds (pure substances). This is NOT a physical separation, but a chemical separation using electricity.
Waterhydrogen + oxygen

23. Learning Check
Which method would be appropriate for separating these mixtures?
_______________ Sawdust and water
_______________ Nails and dirt
_______________ Water and vinegar
Filtration
Magnetism
Distillation