1. Parenthetical Documentation

2. When to Use It
EVERY time you include information from your research whether it is summarized, paraphrased, or quoted

3. How to Use It
After the sentence or sentences from the source in your paper, add the author of the article or book in parentheses (), like this (Kimble).
Make sure the period follows the citation.
Do not add two periods, one after the sentence and then one after the citation. The one after the citation ends the sentence.
Do not place end quotes after the citation (Kimble).” The end quote comes before “parenthetical documentation” (Kimble).

4. Using It When There Is No Author Given
Cite the title of the article or book if there is no author. In order words, use the next portion of the entry (which is the title of the article or possibly the title of a book).
Cite a shortened title if the title is too long. For example, if the title of the article is “Computer Programmers Excel in the New Millennium,” you can shorten it to (“Computer”) or (“Computer Programmers”).
Make sure that you don’t confuse the reader though. If there is another entry of your works cited with a similar title, make sure you distinguish them from each other completely.

5. When You Don’t Need to Use It
If you refer to the article or book in your sentence, you don’t need to also add parenthetical documentation unless you need to provide page numbers. For example if I say that the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers clearly indicates this, I now only need to provide the pages ( ). If it is an internet source, I don’t need to add anything.

6. Any Questions?
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