1. Rupert et al. fig 21-23 Collembola Thysanura Ephemeroptera Odonata
Neoptera
“Apterygota”
Pterygota
Entognatha
Insecta
Hexapoda

2. Collembola (springtails)

3. Class Insecta Apterygota – silverfish and fire brats
Pterygota – everything else

5. Order Odonata Dragonflies and Damselflies
Fossils data back 300 my
Some had wingspan of 720mm

6. Damselfly (zygoptera)
On-line identification key:
Dragonfly
(Anisoptera)
Damselfly (zygoptera)

10. Together with the mayflies form the paleoptera
Cannot fold wings onto back, wings finely veined
Aquatic, hemimetabolous larva (wings evolved from modified gills?)

11. Odonata Voracious predators as larvae and adults
Larvae are dominant predator in fishless systems
Adults usually found near water
Food availability
Territories for mating, oviposition sites

15. Neoptera (= new wings) Can fold their wings flat onto their back
Wing venation reduced, simplified

16. O. Plecoptera (pleco=stone)
Larvae found in clean flowing water
(used as important indicators of water quality)
Larvae are predators, scavengers
adults feed little, if at all, live for only a few days

17. Orders Orthoptera, Phasmida, Grylloblatteria, Dermaptera
= the orthopteroids, the lower neoptera
Polyphyletic group united by similarity in mouthparts and great abundance of malpighian tubules

18. Orthoptera = grasshoppers, crickets, katydids, locusts

19. Orthoptera: ortho=perpendicular
Very common, have jumping legs
Some are important crop pests
Have well-developed organs for sound detection and production (mating calls)
Ear

20. Leaf mimic katydid

21. O. Phasmida – leaf and sticks insects

22. Phasmida Extraordinary mimics of vegetation Can be parthenogenic
Sold as pets!

23. O. Grylloblattaria – ice bugs and rock crawlers
Gryllus = cricket-like
Blattaria = cockroach-like
Wingless
Thought to be ancestral to Orthoptera and Blatteria

24. O. Dermaptera = earwigs Common earwig = European import
Leathery forewings, membranous hindwings
omnivorous

25. Zoraptera Tropical Live in rotting wood
Eat fungal hyphae, tiny arthropods
Poorly studied

26. Isoptera - termites