1. Integrating Textual Evidence into Your Writing
Miss Kerber
English 3 CP

2. The Art of Summarizing

3. Mapping Your Claims
Your claims are better understood when they’re presented relative to others’ claims.
A good summary balances what the original author stated with what the writer says. (writer = you)
You should present what the source or article argues.
You should maintain your own voice and argument/position/analysis (depends upon the type of writing)

4. A Good Summary
Goes back to the source, examines the author’s argument and point of view, and does not confuse that with the writer’s own beliefs.
Focuses the summary of the author’s argument to fit into the writer’s agenda, while remaining true to the original text. i.e. You choose carefully what you write and how you word it.
The summary must fit into your agenda.

5. Templates for Introducing Summaries and Quotations
She advocates a radical revision of the juvenile justice system.
They celebrate the fact that ______________.
____________________, he admits.

6. Verbs for Introducing Summaries and Quotations
Verbs for Making a Claim
argue
assert
believe
claim
emphasize
insist
observe
remind us
report
suggest

7. Verbs for Introducing Summaries and Quotations
Verbs for Expressing Agreement
acknowledge
admire
agree
concur
endorse
extol
praise

8. Verbs for Introducing Summaries and Quotations
Verbs for Expressing Agreement
celebrate(s) the fact that
corroborate
do/does not deny
reaffirm
support
verify

9. Verbs for Introducing Summaries and Quotations
Verbs for Questioning and Disagreeing
complain
complicate
contend
contradict
deny
deplore the tendency to
qualify
question
refute
reject
renounce
repudiate

10. Verbs for Introducing Summaries and Quotations
Verbs for Making Recommendations
advocate
call for
demand
encourage
exhort
implore
plead
recommend
urge
warn

11. The Art of Quoting

12. Why Quote? to give credibility to your summary
to help ensure your summary is fair and accurate
to give proof of evidence for your position

13. Quotations are Orphans
They’ve been taken out of their original context and need to be integration.
Choose wisely- how well does your quotation support this particular part of your text?
Frame them- surround quotes by explaining whose words they are, what the quotation means, and how the quotation relates to your text
Connect them to what you say- don’t leave quotations hanging without explanation or purpose

14. Quote Relevant Passages
Make sure the quotes support your argument.
The reader will notice inappropriate quotations.
Keep in mind that as you develop your argument (i.e. compose your paper) you may need to find different, more appropriate quotations.
There should be back and forth between your own argument and the quotations you select.

15. Frame Every Quotation Introduce the quote. Provide the quote.
Quotations do not speak for themselves.
Make a quote sandwich!
Introduce the quote.
Provide the quote.
Explain the quote.

16. Templates for Introducing Quotations
X states, “not all steroids should be banned from sports.”
As the prominent philosopher X puts it, “____.”
According to X “______.”
In her book, _____, X maintains that “_____.”
Writing in the journal Commentary, X complains that “_____.”
In X’s view “_____.”
X agrees when she writes, “_____.”
X disagrees when he writes, “_____.”
X complicates matters further when she writes, “_____.”

17. Templates for Explaining Quotations
In other words, X believes _____.
In making this comment, X urges us to _____.
X is corroborating the age-old adage that _____.
X’s point is that _____.
The essence of X’s argument is that _____.

18. Ways to Avoid Introducing Quotations
“Orwell asserts an idea that”
This is redundant. Avoid being verbose.
“A quote by Shakespeare says”
This is misleading, the writer (you) is the one doing the quoting, not Shakespeare.