1. Roosevelt and Taft In Office
Chapter 18 Section 2 & 3

2. Roosevelt’s Beliefs International Affairs Domestic beliefs Square Deal
A Social Darwinist – the US was in competition w/ other nations of the world and only the fittest would survive
Domestic beliefs
A progressive – gov’t should actively balance the needs of competing groups in American society
Square Deal
Title of his reform programs during his 2nd term
“I shall see to it that every man has a square deal, no less and no more.”

3. Coal Strike of 1902
The United Mine Workers union had called a strike of miners
The workers were asking for
A pay increase
Reduction in work hours
Recognition of their union
Coal prices b/g to rise due to the strike

4. Roosevelt Reacts Roosevelt
B/l it was his job to keep society operating efficiently
Urged the union and the owners to accept arbitration
Arbitration - a settlement imposed by an outside party
The union agreed, mine owners did not
Roosevelt threatened to order the army to run the mines
Mine owners finally accepted arbitration

5. Consumer Problem
Many companies were patenting and marketing potions they claimed would cure a variety of ills
Many medicines were little more than alcohol, colored water, and sugar
Other medicines contained caffeine, opium, cocaine, etc.
Consumers had no way of knowing what they were taking or if it would work

6. Roosevelt’s Response 1906 – Pure Food and Drug Act
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure or falsely labeled food and drugs

7. Consumer Problem 1906 – Upton Sinclair published The Jungle
It exposed what happened in the slaughterhouses of Chicago
The public was angered and sickened

8. Roosevelt’s Response Meat Inspection Act
Required federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce
Set standards of cleanliness in meat packing plants

9. Roosevelt the Conservationist
Newlands Reclamation Act
Authorized the use of federal funds from public land sales to pay for irrigation and land development
Appointed Gifford Pinchot as head of the US Forest Service
Drew up regulations controlling lumbering on federal lands

10. Roosevelt’s Legacy
Added 100 million acres to protected national forests
Established 5 new national parks and 51 federal wildlife reserves
President’s job to solve American problems...
It is the governments job to solve the nation’s economic and social problems
Dramatically increased the power of the executive branch of govt.

11. Roosevelt’s Successor
William Howard Taft – hand picked by Roosevelt, but very different!
Taft…
Avoided conflict
Disliked political maneuvering
Responded slowly to issues
Didn’t like politics, approached everything from a legalistic point of view
Did not like the limelight

12. Helping Latin America
Taft continued w/ the Roosevelt Corollary in Latin America, but…
He placed less emphasis on military force and more on helping Latin American industry
Dollar diplomacy – support Latin American and Asian development
US increases trade
US businesses increase profits
Latin America and Asia would rise out of poverty and social disorder

13. Out with Taft
Taft’s personality and approach to politics brought him into conflict with progressives
Progressives wanted him out of the Presidency
Roosevelt…
B/g to publicly criticized Taft
Was convinced by progressives to reenter politics and attempt to replace Taft as the Republican nominee for president in 1912