1. Electrostatics

2. “Normal” matter is made of atoms.

3. Atoms have a heavy, positively charged nucleus, because protons are positive. In talking about solid matter, we will assume that the nucleus is immobile.

4. Flying around the nucleus are negatively charged electrons
Flying around the nucleus are negatively charged electrons. Electrons are mobile and can move from atom to atom.

5. Opposites attract. Charges that are the same repel.
Negative electrons don’t want to be around other negative electrons, they want to be around positive protons.

6. + + - - - + + - + + - -
This side is now positive

7. Matter can be given an electric charge, meaning it has more positive protons or negative electrons, by the transfer of electrons.

8. Electrons can be “rubbed” off of one material and onto another, charging each material.

9. Charging by Contact - - + + - - - - + + - + - + - - - + + -

10. Charging by Induction - + - + + - - - - + - - + + - - - + + - - + -

11. Charging by Polarization- + + - - + - + - - + + - -
positive
negative