1. Cave Arch and Stack Formation
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

2.  Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through www. sln
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

3. Waves attack the headland cutting caves on each side
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

4.  Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through www. sln
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

5. Wave attack opens up the caves on each side of the headland until
they join and form a natural arch
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

6.  Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through www. sln
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

7. The arch enlarges until it collapses, leaving a standing
rock called a stack
New arch forms
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

8.  Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through www. sln
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools

9. The old stack is worn down into a stump
Another arch collapses
and a new stack is formed.
 Tom Abbott, Biddulph High School and made available through and only for non commercial use in schools