1. Unit 2 Read, wRite, and Research
English 1

2. Essential Questions:
EQ1: How do writers analyze and support claims in arguments using valid reasoning, citing relevant, sufficient evidence and addressing any counter-claims?
EQ2: How does an author develop his ideas or claims? How does a good reader analyze these ideas or claims?
EQ3: Why do you persuade an audience or reader? How do you effectively communicate to an audience?

3. Unit 2 Key Skills
How to analyze
How to persuade

4. How to analyze Suspend judgment
Define parts of the argument and how they are related
Look for what is implied
Look for patterns and organize any contrasts
Notice anomalies

5. Questions to ask: Which details seem significant? Why?
How do details fit together? What do they have in common?
What does this pattern of details mean?
What details don’t seem to fit?

6. How to persuade STEP ONE: ESTABLISH YOUR CREDIBILITY
People are more likely to be persuaded by
someone they trust.
Credibility is made up of two factors: your level of
expertise and your relationships.
Consider bolstering your knowledge of the subject
through reading or by bringing in an outside
knowledge source to back up your claims. Also,
consider involving experts who already have
strong knowledge of the subject or prior
relationships with the reader.
If readers see that you reference people that they
already respect, they’re more likely to respect
you — and find you credible.

7. How to persuade STEP TWO: FIND COMMON GROUND
A key to effective persuasion is to
highlight the advantages that the people
you are trying to persuade would
experience. In order to do that, you must
thoroughly understand the challenges
that your audience/reader faces, and
what they most care about.

8. How to persuade STEP THREE: PROVIDE EVIDENCE
People are more likely to be persuaded when
you give them evidence that the idea you’re
trying to convince them to support actually
works. It’s best to combine hard evidence (like
numbers and statistics) with more emotionally
resonant language that uses examples and
anecdotes.
Why focus on “emotional” evidence? Because
research shows that decision-making is an
emotional process. Storytelling makes your evidence
more memorable — and it’s hard to win over people
when they can’t even remember your key points.

9. How to persuade STEP FOUR: CONNECT EMOTIONALLY
In this case, you need to show your audience that
you’re emotionally committed to your ideas. Can
your audience tell that you’re passionate about
persuading them? If they can, it’s a good sign.
But beware, you don’t want to go off the
emotional deep end — being overly emotional
could be read as being weak or imbalanced.
Talking with someone/proofreader will help you
tailor your message emotionally to the
audience/reader.

10. Academic Language: counterclaim anecdote expert quote annotation
evidence
limitations
logical
MLA
relevant
sufficient
support
valid
Works Cited
anecdote
annotation
anticipate
argument
cite
claims
clarify
cohesion
context
concise

11. anecdote
a short story about something interesting in a person's life

12. annotation critical explanations to add extra insight about something.
These explanations can be necessary to understanding writings in which the language might be difficult to make sense of without clarification.

13. anticipate argument
to think of something that will or might happen in the future
a discussion in which reasons for and against something are given

14. cite; cited; citation
to mention (something) especially as an example or to support an idea or opinion
to cite something means to do right by whoever said it and give them credit.
For instance, if you add a brilliant statement to a paper but you’re not the one who originally wrote it, you should cite, or point to, the original author.

15. claim clarify to state as a fact : insist to be true
A statement essentially arguable but used as a primary point to support or prove 
to make easier to understand

16. cohesion context when ideas are closely united
the words that are used with a certain word or phrase and that help to explain its meaning

17. concise
using few words : not including extra or unnecessary information

18. counterclaim
an attempt to disapprove, contradict or argue to overcome an opposing reasoning

19. expert quote
what a person who has special skill, or knowledge relating to a particular subject, says on the skill or subject

20. evidence
factual information that helps the reader reach a conclusion and form an opinion about something

21. limitations logical
something that controls how much of something is possible or allowed
using reason in an orderly cogent fashion

22. MLA Modern Language Association;
a style of writing used for academic writing

23. relevant sufficient
affording evidence tending to prove or disprove the matter at issue or under discussion
 enough to meet the needs of a situation

24. support valid
to hold up or serve as a foundation 
logically correct

25. Works Cited Works cited pages would appear at
the end of a research paper.
The format shown next reflects
the MLA style. This style is widely
used by schools and colleges.

26. Works Cited LiteraryDevices Editors. LiteraryDevices.net.
2013. Web. 9 Oct
Merriam-Webster.com Web. 9 Oct <
vocabulary.com Thinkmap, Inc. Web. 9 Oct <