1. Organic Molecules

2. Lipids

3. Lipid Structure 1 2 Fats, Oils, Waxes Monomer: Fatty Acid
Polymer: Lipid
Phospholipid Stucture (3 parts):
“Head” of glycerol & phosphate(polar)
“Tail” of 2 fatty acids (non-polar)
Make up the cell membrane
Lipids & Proteins compose the cell membrane
Phospholipid 1 2

4. Lipid Structure Triglyceride: Structure (2 parts) Function
Glycerol molecule
Triglyceride:
Structure (2 parts)
“head” = glycerol
“Tail” = 3 fatty acids
Function
Provide Energy for cells
Insulation
Cholesterol: Gives cell
membrane flexibility

6. Saturated Fats Fats and oils have different types of fatty acids.
Long chain of C-C bonds (all single bonds)
Each C is “saturated” with H atoms
Single bonds are easier to compact = solid at room temps
Very common in animal fats
think

7. Butter is made from cow milk
Lard is pig fat

8. Unsaturated Fats Long chain of C-C bonds (some double bonds)
Prevent H from attaching
make “kinks”, which are not easily compacted = Liquid at room temps
Plant fats
think

10. Normally, blood flows freely through a vein
Blood vein
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC

11. Too much saturated fats…
Blood vein
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
RBC
Reduced circulation…
Blood clots…
High blood pressure
Cholesterol & saturated fats

12. Cholesterol levels

13. Which has more H? 18 16

15. Review What are the three parts of a phospholipid?
Which part(s) is/are the “head”?
Which part are the “tails”?
What are the two parts of a triglyceride?
How do saturated and unsaturated fatty acids differ?
Which lipid gives cells their flexibility?
Why are saturated fats less healthy?

17. Nucleic Acids

18. Nucleic Acid Basics Contain instructions to build protein 2 types DNA
RNA
Made up of smaller units
called nucleotides
monomer = nucleotide
Polymer = nucleic acid

19. Nucleotides are made of three parts: a sugar phosphate group
nitrogen base.
- Adenine (A) Thymine (T)
- Guanine (G) Cytosine (C)
A phosphate group
nitrogen-containing molecule, called a base
deoxyribose (sugar)

20. Monomers link to make polymers
Monomers link to make polymers! Nucleotides combine to make nucleic acid! These are the instructions for the cell to make protein.

21. Nucleotides?
How many

22. DNA Double Helix: 2 chains of nucleotides
DNA bases: Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
A pairs with T
C pairs with G
DNA stores the info required to make a protein
Gene: section of DNA that codes for a protein

24. Predict the nucleotides to fill in this DNA chain

25. RNA 1 chain of nucleotides
RNA bases: Adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine
Copy the DNA code… deliver code to ribosome to create a protein

26. Recap
Vocabulary: Monomer, Polymer, Nucleotide, Double helix, Nitrogen base
Name the monomer of nucleic acids.
How are the four nitrogen bases of DNA abbreviated? RNA?
Name the three parts to a nucleotide.
What does the phosphate molecule of a nucleotide bond with?
If the DNA nitrogen bases were TACCGGAT, how would the attached DNA strand read?
How are DNA and RNA different? Same?