1. Aperture and Shutter Speed
Photography
Mr. Parsons

2. Aperture and Shutter Speed
In review:
As we have discussed, light can be controlled by shutter speed. Shutter speed is selected based on the amount of light available and the movement of your subject.
We have also determined, that because we normally use 100 speed film, pictures will be best taken outdoors.

3. Aperture and Shutter Speed
The four main shutter speeds that we will be using will probably be 250, 125, 60, and 30.
A 250 or 125 shutter speed would be good for an action or non-action picture taken outdoors on a bright sunny day and 60 or 30 would be best for non-action or slight action pictures taken cloudy day.
Remember, with a slow shutter speed, it is necessary to hold the camera very, very still.

4. Relationship between shutter speed and aperture
Knowing the film speed and shutter speed you want to use helps you to determine the aperture setting, commonly known as the f-stop.

5. Aperture and Shutter Speed
The f-stop or aperture is the size of the hole in the diaphragm through which light passes when the shutter is opened. The aperture is adjusted according to the amount of light available.
On a bright sunny day, the hole should be small or else too much light will reach the film.
When too much light hits the film it becomes overexposed and the picture will be black or very dark.
On a cloudy day, the hole should be large to let more light in. The size of the aperture is determined by f-stops. F-stop stands for “fractional” stops, or the fraction of the aperture is open.

6. Aperture and Shutter Speed
Most single lens reflex cameras have a 50mm lens. The lens is the part of the camera that determines the angle of view of the subject and how much the subject is visible.
The lens controls and organizes the rays of light coming into the camera and sends them onto the film.
For example, a 23mm lens will show a smaller resulting photo than a 50mm lens.

7. Aperture and Shutter Speed

8. Aperture and Shutter Speed
Remember: The larger the f-stop number, the smaller the aperture becomes and the smaller the number, the larger the opening. This is because the f-stop number represents the denominator of the fraction.

9. Aperture and Shutter Speed
Most modern single lens reflex cameras have in internal light sensor. While each camera will be different, you will have to input the film speed and the shutter speed into the camera, then depress the shutter release half way. The meter will then tell you what f-stop you should set in your lens.
There are also many free light sensor apps available for smart phones.

10. Aperture and Shutter Speed
The aperture also controls the “depth of field”
The depth of field is the area that is clearly in focus in a given image

11. Aperture and Shutter Speed
Depth of Field is defined as the range at which an image will be sharp and in focus.
The smaller the aperture, the larger Depth of Field
The larger the aperture, the smaller the Depth of Field