1. Carbon Capture and Sequestration
VINAY KUMAR
GM –PE/MECH
NTPC

2. Motivation for the development ofCCS technology
Climate change
Energy prole and o!tloo" 
#!blic perception of CCS
CCS technological overvie$
CCS challenge% and %ol!tion%
                                                                                                                                                                                                        
Overview
Why Low Carbon Technology
CCS Technology Overview
CCS Issues
Commercial Projects
Summary & Road maps Ahead

3. Kyoto Protocol Country Target (1990- 2008/2012)
EU-15, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Monaco, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland
-8% US
-7%
Canada, Hungary, Japan, Poland
-6%
Croatia
-5%
New Zealand, Russian Federation, Ukraine

4. COP21 Option1: Below 2 deg C above Pre-Indiustrial Levels
Option2: Well below 2 deg C above Pre-Industrial Levels(and to scale up global efforts to limit temp increase to below 1.5 deg C)
Option3:Below 1.5 deg C above Pre-Industrial Levels
To increase the ability of developing countries to adapt to the adverse impacts of Climate Change

5. How Green House Gases/CO2 affects

6. Contribution of Countries in Carbon Dioxide Emissions

7. CO2 concentration causing global temperature increase

8. Actions in India Current voluntary pledge by India:
-20-25% reduction in Emission intensity of GDP by 2020 compared to levels
Goal: To Reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP
By % by 2030 from 2005 level.
Our nation has started:
Thrust on Renewable Energy and Promotion of Clean Energy; Enhancing Energy Efficiency, Climate Resilient Urban Centers, Sustainable Green transportation Network, Cleaning of rivers,etc
Ambitious target for renewable & electricity to all:
175 GW Renewable energy target by 2022
100 GW of Solar, 60 GW of Wind, 10 GW of biomass and 5 GW of small hydel
Emphasis on: Sustainable Development by invoking strict environmental norms at par developed countries

9. Emission Mitigation Potential

10. Overview of
CCS Technology

11. Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS)

12. Carbon Capture Options Post-Combustion
Clean gas
CO2
Flue gas
ABS
STRP HX
Recirculating (amine) solvent
Source:

13. Absorption / Stripping Technical Diagram
Clean gas
CO2
Flue gas
ABS
40°C
STRP
120°C HX
ENERGY
Recirculating (amine) solvent

14. Carbon Capture Options Oxy-Fuel Process
Source:

15. Carbon Capture Options Pre-Combustion
Source:

16. Carbon Sequestration
Big picture – Storage in oil reservoirs (depleted and EOR), natural formations, ocean storage
Will it leak? Not likely – models suggest 99% containment
Existing reservoir data can be used to estimate storage potential and address (water) concerns
No groundwater contamination

17. CO2 Capture Issues

18. Representative Values of Current Power Plant Efficiencies & CCS Energy Penalties

19. Commercial Plants/CCS Projects

23. CO2 turned into stone in Iceland in climate change breakthrough

24. Summary and Road Maps

25. Strategy for Coal fired Power Plants
Adoption of ultra Super critical technologies
Integrated gasification Combined Cycle Plants
Focus on use of Bio-Mass Energy as co firing
Focus on use of fuel from Waste as co firing
Identification & Adoption of projects for development Ammonia based CO2 capture system aiming CO2 /SOx/Nox free power plant integral with fertilizer plant
Increasing use of Solar Thermal ,Integral Renewable Power with coal fired units by available space and roofs.