1. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe EQ: How influential was the Roman Catholic Church in Medieval Europe?

2. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms
Persecute
Monastery
Monk
Clergy
Excommunicate
Sacrament
Pilgrimage
Relic
Convent
Nun
University
Rhetoric
Theology
Natural Law
Monasticism
Illuminated Manuscript
Religious Order
Friar

3. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms
1. Persecute
2. Monastery
To cause a person to suffer because of his or her beliefs
A community of monks

4. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
3. Monk
4. Clergy
A man who has taken a solemn vow to devote his life to prayer and service in a monastery
The body of people, such as a priest, who perform sacred functions of the church

5. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
5. Excommunicate
6. Sacrament
To formally deprive a person of membership in a church
A solemn rite of Christian churches; brings blessings from God.

6. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
7. Pilgrimage
8. Relic
A journey to a holy site
An object considered holy because it belonged to or was touched by a saint or other holy person

7. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
9. Convent
10. Nun
A community of nuns; also called a nunnery
A woman who has taken a sacred vow to devote her life to prayer and service to the church

8. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
11. University
12. Rhetoric
A school of advanced learning
The study of persuasive writing and speaking

9. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
13. Theology
14. Natural Law
The study of God and religious truth
The concept that there is a universal order built into nature that can guide moral thinking about right and wrong

10. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
15. Monasticism
16. Illuminated Manuscript
A way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith
A handwritten book decorated with bright colors and precious metals

11. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe Terms Cont.
17. Religious Order
18. Friar
A brotherhood or sisterhood of monks, nuns, or friars
A member of a certain religious order devoted to teaching and works of charity

12. The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe EQ: How influential was the Roman Catholic Church in Medieval Europe?

13. The Christian Church Takes Shape
Around 30 C.E.: Jesus teaches to small group of followers
Romans persecute Christians
313 C.E.: Constantine legalizes Christianity
395 C.E.: Christianity becomes recognized religion of the Roman Empire
In the late 8th and early 9th centuries, Charlemagne helps unify the church.

14. The Increasing Power of the Church
By 1050 C.E.:
the Catholic Church taxes everybody (tithe) 10%
is largest landowner in Europe
has great political power because only clergy could read

15. The Increasing Power of the Church (cont.)
: Pope Gregory VII undertook several reforms
forbidding priests to marry
outlawing the selling of church offices
banned the practice of kings appointing priests, bishops, and the heads of monasteries
excommunicated the Holy Roman Emperor: Henry IV because Henry objected to the reforms

16. Sacraments and Salvation
Catholic Church states that to achieve salvation one needs to follow the church’s teachings and live a moral life

17. Seven Sacraments Baptism: entry into the church;
Confirmation: formal declaration of belief in God;
Eucharist: consecration of bread and wine;
Extreme unction: blessing given to someone in danger of dying (anointing of the sick);
Holy orders: a man becomes a priest;
Matrimony: a formal union blessed by the church;
Penance: confession of sins

18. Pilgrimages and Crusades
Christians went on pilgrimages to visit holy sites and visit relics
In England many visited the shrine of Thomas Becket
Pilgrimages were made to Rome and Jerusalem
Crusades were holy wars to free the Holy Land from infidels

19. Art and Architecture
During the Middle Ages most art was made for religious purposes
As people couldn’t read, art helped tell the story of Jesus
Cathedrals: were the tallest buildings in town; were named for the chair the bishop sat on; were usually built in the shape of a cross; took 50 –100 years to build.

23. Education
Most schooling took place in monasteries, convents, and cathedrals
In the 1200s, universities develop and teach many subjects including: rhetoric and theology
Thomas Aquinas tried to bridge gap between faith and reason; created concept of natural law

24. Holidays Holiday comes from “holy day”
Two of the greatest holidays were Christmas and Easter

25. Monks, Nuns, and Mendicants
Monks live secluded religious lives.
Monasticism
Convents
Illuminated manuscripts were created by monks by hand and kept knowledge of the past alive
Nuns had many similarities to monks.
Many nuns became important reformers and thinkers.

26. Monks, Nuns, and Mendicants (cont.)
Friars traveled among the people
Franciscan Friars were poor and had to work or beg for food.
St. Francis believed all living things should be treated with respect.

28. The Organization of the Catholic Church
Clergy
Pope
Cardinals
Archbishops
Bishops
Priests