1. Greeks Romans Renaissance Reformation England Enlightenment
European Influences….
Greeks
Romans
Renaissance
Reformation
England
Enlightenment

2. Greeks Ancient Greeks Greeks made law a clearly human institutions.
Before the Greeks
most people believed only gods
and goddesses had the power
to make laws

3. Democracy Common People develop ideas of
Citizenship
Participation in government
Commitment of ordinary people to the State’
The Greeks believed in the importance of the law
Respect for the law to be the mark of the “good citizen”
Socrates

4. Romans Republic Jus Natural Roman law included:
[] all the main branches of public and
private law that exist today
[] The scientific classification of law began with the Romans
Jus Natural

5. ‘Jus Natural’
Natural Law
Unwritten code of universal principles (laws) that are the root of ethical and legal norms by which human conduct is sometimes evaluated and governed.
Natural law is often contrasted with positive law, which consists of the written rules and regulations enacted by government.

6. Rebellion of 1381 The Black Death shifted the balance of labor
People were no longer tied to the lands they lived on
They were freer to learn new skills and travel.
Discontent over corruption, abuses and taxes the people rebel. (Think Robin Hood)
Lose faith in the crown.

7. The Uprising

8. Renaissance 14th century to the 17th century
great advancements in methods of navigation
Fleets of ships were sent to the Eastern world to bring back treasures and valuable spices. Routes to Asia were traveled beginning in the early Renaissance.
Christopher Columbus, goes west to find safer and faster routes to the riches of Asia.
a new continent, full of new riches and unclaimed lands.

9. Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a major 16th century
Aimed at reforming the Roman Catholic Church.
The Protestant Reformation made its initial impact in 16th (Martin Luther)
John Calvin ( ), somewhat later, supplants Lutheranism in many areas.
Calvinism has great impact on the development of colonial America,
especially in New England, where “Reformed” churches (Puritan, Presbyterian and Huguenot) dominated

10. England Parliamentary System
English Common Law
the courts applied the same legal ideas to all English citizens.
The Magna Carta
monarch's power could be legally limited by the citizenry.no free person could be imprisoned without a jury trial.
(Habeas Corpus)
The Bill of Rights
Monarchy needed approval of Parliament to make or suspend laws, raise taxes, or maintain an army.
Voters had a right to elect their representatives and the king and queen must respect voters' choices.
(Representative government)

11. Enlightenment Thomas Hobbes John Locke
Man is born evil, needs a strong hand to guide
Life is a battle for power, ending in death
Man needed some type of fear of authority in order to be able to be persuaded to follow the law.
that man gave up ALL his rights to the government, and that in return, the government provided security.
John Locke
all people had the inalienable "right to life, lib­erty, and property“ (Natural Rights)
people created govern­ment and chose to be governed in order to live in an orderly society. (Social Contract)

12. Enlightenment cont. Rousseau Montesquieu
people make a contract with each other, not with a ruler.
give up some freedom in favor of the needs of the majority.
vote and accept the community decision.
Montesquieu
Suggests Limited Government
Divided Government (3 Branches)
Checks and Balances

13. The production and distribution of goods and services.
Economics
The production and distribution of goods and services.