1. Mixtures and Solutions
© Kristin Lee 2013

2. Atoms An atom is the smallest particle of an element.
You cannot see atoms with your eyes. They are way too small.
All of the atoms in one kind of element have the same properties.

3. Molecules A molecule is formed when two ore more atoms join together.
For example: A water molecule is formed when two hydrogen atoms bond with an oxygen atom.

4. Pure Substance
A Pure Substance is matter that has definite chemical and physical properties.
It is made of only one kind of particle.
Aluminum Foil is made of Sugar is made of only sugar
only aluminum molecules molecules.

5. Pure Substance Pure Substances come in two types: Elements & Compounds
GOLD WATER

6. Elements
An element is a pure substance that is made of only one type of atom.
All of the matter around you is made of one element, or a combination of elements.
Elements are organized on a chart called The Periodic Table.
If it’s not on here, it’s not an element!

7. Compounds
A compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
Water is an example of a compound. It is made of two types of atoms: Hydrogen and Oxygen.
But these atoms are chemically bonded together in to one H20 particle.

8. Mixtures
A mixture contains two or more pure substances that are mixed together, not chemically combined.
Mixtures can mix pure substances, compounds, or both.
Mixtures also come in two types:
Homogeneous Heterogeneous

9. Homogeneous
In a homogeneous mixture, the different substances are mixed very thoroughly.
Sometimes they are mixed so well you cannot tell that there is more than one substance in the mixture.

10. Heterogeneous
In a heterogeneous mixture, you can see the different substances that have been combined.
A heterogeneous substance is not mixed evenly, it is not the same throughout. You can see all of the different parts.

11. Solvent & Solute Solutions
A solution is the name for homogenous mixture that is so well mixed, you can no longer see the different substances.
Solutions have two parts:
Solvent & Solute

12. Solvent
The solvent in a solution is what you have the most of. This is what you dissolve another substance in.
For example:
If you are dissolving sugar in to a glass of iced tea – the iced tea is the solvent. You have much more tea than sugar.

13. Solute
The solute in a solution is the substance you have the least of. This is the substance that gets dissolved.
For example:
In our iced tea example, sugar is the solute. You have far less sugar than iced tea.

14. Solubility
Solubility is a measure of how well a solute can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature.
The solubility of a substance tells you how much of it you can add before it will not be able to dissolve any more.

15. Solubility Think About It:
You are making homemade chocolate milk with milk and chocolate syrup.
If you add too much syrup to the milk, when you finish there will be chocolate syrup stuck to the bottom of the glass.
This is because the milk can only have so much syrup dissolved into it before it can’t take any more.

16. Insoluble
A substance is insoluble if it cannot dissolve in a particular solvent.
For example: Sand is insoluble in water. It will not ever dissolve in to a solution with the water.

17. Suspension
A suspension is created when your solute is incapable of dissolving in to your solvent.
For example: If you add pepper to water – pepper is insoluble in water. It will only float there, not dissolve.