1. Solubility Notes

2. Solutions SPS6. Students will investigate the properties of solutions.
a. Describe solutions in terms of
solute/solvent
conductivity
concentration
b. Observe factors affecting the rate a solute dissolves in a specific solvent.
c. Demonstrate that solubility is related to temperature by constructing a solubility curve.

3. Solution A mixture that is homogeneous on the molecular level. Example
Salt water
Gold jewelry
Cola

4. Solubility Rate Method to increase solubility Rate
Why does this make the solute dissolve faster
Stir
Increases the collision between solute and solvent molecules.
Heat solvent
Increases the molecular motion of the solvent molecules which increase the collisions between the solvent and solute molecules.
Crush solute
Allows the solvent to reach all of the solute molecules because the surface to volume ratio of the solute has been increased.

5. Solute
The part that is dissolved in the solvent and is normally the smallest part of the solution.
Example
Salt in salt water

6. Solvent
The part of the solution that does the dissolving, normally the largest part of a solution.
Example
Water in salt water

7. Conductivity
The ability of a solution to conduct electricity. A solution with a ionic solute will conduct.
Examples
Salt water will conduct because it separates into ions.
Ethanol dissolved in water will not conduct

8. Concentration
A measure of how much solute is dissolved in the solvent.
Example
How many grams of a solute is dissolved in 100 grams of water.

9. Saturated
A solution in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved. If more solute is added, it will sit as crystals on the bottom of the container.
Example
Carbonated water
Sugar Kool-aid

10. Unsaturated
A solution can have solute added and dissolved because the solute concentration is lower than its equilibrium.
Example
Kool-aid that is not sweet
Tea that is not sweet enough

11. Supersaturated
A solution that contains more solute than could be dissolved by the solvent under normal circumstances.
Example
Kool-Aid with sugar at the bottom
This is how rock candy is made

12. How many grams of a solute is dissolved in 100 grams of water.
Solutions Review
Term
Definition
Example
Solute
The part of the solution that is dissolved in the solvent which is normally the smallest part of the solution.
Salt in salt water
CO2 in cola
Solvent
The part of the solution that does the dissolving, normally the largest part of a solution.
Water in salt water
Water in cola
Conductivity
The ability of a solution to conduct electricity. A solution with a ionic solute will conduct.
Salt water will conduct
Ethanol dissolved in water will not conduct
Concentration
A measure of how much solute is dissolved in the solvent.
How many grams of a solute is dissolved in 100 grams of water.

14. Solubility Curve

15. Solubility Curve What is the solubility of NaNO3 at 10⁰C and 22⁰C?
What happens to the solubility as the temperature increases?
What affect does the temperature have on the solubility of most solutes?