1. SOLAR ENERGY APPLICATIONS
IN COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS
AND BARRIERS IN ITS GROWTH
By Engr. Faiz Mohammad Bhutta General Manager Business Development Izhar Energy Services ( Pvt) Ltd Izhar Group of Companies ( Member International Solar Energy Society Germany, Chapter Chairman Renewable Energy Association of Pakistan, Member ASHARE USA, Member HVACR Society, Member IEP, Member IEEEP, Member PEC)

2. CONTENTS APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGY
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY
SOLAR LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY
SOLAR PUMPING TECHNOLOGY

3. SOLAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGY
SOLAR TEHRMAL TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS
SOLAR WATER HEATING
SOLAR INDUSTRIAL PROCESS HEAT
SOLAR THERMAL POWER GENERATION
CONVERSION OF SOLAR
RADIATIONS INTO HEAT OR
TEHRMAL ENERGY

4. SOLAR THERMAL APPLICATIONS
Hot water usage for bathing, washing and Laundry
Pre-heat for Boilers
Swimming pool water heating
Space Heating for commercial buildings
Solar Steam Generation for Industrial Process
Degreasing and phosphating in metal finishing industry
Solar Drying in food, wood, Leather

5. SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS
Low Temperature Solar Collectors
45 to 90 C
Flat Plate
Vacuum Tubes
High Temperature Solar Collectors
Concentrated Tower
Concentrated Parabolic
Concentrated Dish
1000 C
400 C
400 C
CSP will be able to cover 11% of world electrical demand by 2050

6. Hot water for bathing, washing and Laundry
NON-PRESSURIZED SOLAR WATER HEATING
Solar fraction: 75% m2 collector area per person
Solar fraction 100% -0.9 m2 collector area per person
1 m2 vacuum tube collector = 80 liters storage
1 m2 flat tube collector = 60 ltrs storage

7. Hot water for bathing, washing and Laundry
NON-PRESSURIZED SOLAR WATER HEATING

10. Hot water for bathing, washing and Laundry
PRESSURIZED SOLAR WATER HEATING

14. Solar Pre-heat water for Boiler
PRESSURIZED SOLAR WATER HEATING

15. Space heating for commercial buildings

16. Space heating for commercial buildings
AIR BASED HEATING

17. Solar Drying
SOLAR KILN

18. Swimming Pool Water Heating

19. Solar swimming Pool at Shapes

20. Solar Steam Generation for industrial process
Parabolic
Tower
Dish
CONCENTRATED SOLAR
COLLECTORS

21. POWER GENERATION THROUHG SOLAR TEHRMAL

22. Solar Thermal Power Plant
280 MW solar Thermal power plant in Arizona at a cost of $ 1billion supplying powering 80,000 homes. Will be operational in 2013

23. BARRIERS Low customer awareness and Cheating by suppliers
Low customer confidence because of new technology
Lack of skilled installers
Under-designing of system because of lack of knowledge of designers and high prices
Lack of policy on bank financing
Lack of Subsidies
lack of promotion at Government Level

24. SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS
Solar Panels
CONVERSION OF SOLAR RADIATIONS INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Mountings
Deep Cycle Batteries
40,000 rural villages
are without electricity
Energy demand is
Rising 12% per year
And gap is 5000 MW
Energy Prices are
Rising
According to Solar Buzz , 15 GW installation of target was met in 2010.
Solar potential is 100,000 MW

25. COMPONENTS OF SOLAR PV SYSTEM
Solar panels – 50% of cost
Controllers ( charge controllers and inverters)
Deep Cycle Battery -30%
Mounting
Cables, thimbles and accessories
Ground Mounted
Price of system varies as per maximum load in watt, hours of operation
and autonomy

26. Comparison of different cell types
Cell material
Module efficiency
Module surface area for 1 kWp
Module surface area for 1 MWp
Mono-crystalline silicon
11 – 16 %
7 – 9 m²
7,000 – 9,000 m²
Poly-crystalline silicon
10 – 14 %
8 – 9 m²
8,000 – 9,000 m²
Thin film (CIS)
6 – 8 %
11 – 13 m²
11,000 – 13,000 m²
Amorphous silicon
4 – 7%
16 – 20 m²
16,000 – 20,000 m²

27. RADAITON DATA PAKISTAN CITIES
Islamabad – Maximum at 30 Degree = 2135 KWhr/m2/year
Karachi – Maximum at 30 Degree = 2168 KWHr/me/year
Bahawalpur – Maximum at 30 degree = 1981 KWHr/m2/Year
D.G.Khan Maximum at 30 degree = 1975 KWhr/m2/year
Faislabad Maximum at 30 degree = 1816 Kwhr/m2/year
Lahore Maximum at 30 degree = 1806 Kwhr/m2/year
Mardan Maximum at 30 degree = 2143 Kwhr/m2/year
Multan Maxium at 30 degree = 1961 KWhr/me/year

28. OFF-GRID PV SYSTEM

29. ON-GRID PV SYSTEM

30. Things to consider while purchasing Solar PV system
How much watt-hours system will generate per day
What is the maximum allowable load to be run by solar
How much hours system works if full load is run continuously.
What is the reserve hours in case there is no sun
Has designer accounted for 1% decrease in Solar Panel output every year.
Are solar panels TUV Certified as per IEC standard & For 25 years limited warranty, TUV certification is must.
Are Batteries deep cycle Batteries
What is the operational life of deep cycle batteries
What is the payback time
Ask list of REAP certified technicians
What is limited warranty.

31. COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Stand Alone solar System in rural Areas upto 500 W
Solar Power Plants from 10 KW to 20 MW
Solar Parks upto 20 MW
Solar UPS
Solar Traffic Signals Lights
Power for Remote Security and Surveillance Systems
Remote data acquisition and equipment monitoring
Power for Telecommunication Towers and BSC and MSC
Building Integrated Photovoltaic System
Military signaling applications
Cathodic Protection of Pipelines
Solar water Pumping
Commercial Solar Lighting for roads, motorways and parks, Bus stops
Solar Lighting for Buildings and Industries

32. STAND ALONE SYSTEM FOR RURAL AREAS
UPTO 500 WATTS FOR RURAL AREAS

33. SOLAR PV POWER PLANT
550 MW Desert Sunlight Project in California for 165,000 Homes
Under construction at 4100 Acre Land Area

34. SOLAR PARK

35. SOLAR UPS

36. REMOTER TERMINAL UNITS AND SERVIELINCE

37. POWER FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS

38. BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM (BIPV)

39. MILITARY SIGNALLING SYSTEMS

40. CATHOTIC PROTECTION OF PIPELEINES
Cathodic protection is a procedure used to protect an object from corrosion by making it a cathode

41. SOLAR LIGHTING APPLICATIONS
Solar Street Lights
Solar Flood Lights for Buildings and Fields
Solar Parking Lights

42. SOLAR LIGHTING

43. BARRIERS Lack of customer awareness Under-designed systems
Lack of designing and installation Skills
Lack of standards
Lack of Subsidy and bank financing
Lack of promotion and will at Government Level
Lack of FIT ( Feed in Tariff Policy)
Lack of Grid Interconnection Policy
Lack of financing for solar Projects

44. SOLAR PUMPING APPLICATIONS Drinking water Live Stock Irrigation
DC Solar Pumps upto 1000 W
AC Solar Pumps upto 50 KW
APPLICATIONS
Drinking water
Live Stock
Irrigation
Agriculture

45. THANKS