1. Bacteria Metabolism (Obtaining and Releasing Energy)
By: Abigail Craig, Nikki Malizia, and Jacqui Worth

2. Overview How Prokaryotic cells obtain energy
Hoe Eukaryotic cells obtain energy
How Prokaryotic cells release energy
How Eukaryotic cells convert energy
Different types of fermentation
Products resulted from fermentation

3. Prokaryotes and how they obtain energy NM
Heterotrophs consume other organisms for energy and carbon
Found in a wide range of environments
Photoheterotrophs are like heterotrophs but use light energy
They cannot use carbon dioxide as their carbon source
Found where light is plentiful

4. Prokaryotes and how they obtain energy NM
Photoautotrophs use light energy to turn CO2 into carbon compounds
Found where light is plentiful
Chemoautotrophs use energy released by chemical reactions
Found in chemically harsh and dark environments

6. Eukaryotes and how they obtain energy NM
Cellular Respiration is how organisms get their energy
6O2 + C6H12O CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

7. Eukaryotes and how they obtain energy NM
Cellular Respiration requires oxygen and a food molecule, such as glucose, to give off carbon dioxide, water, and energy
Cells can use all sorts of molecules for food
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates

8. How Prokaryotes release energy? Ac
By either cellular respiration or fermentation 
Depends on environment 
Oxygen or not

9. Modes of Metabolism Ac
Obligate anaerobes-killed by normal atmosphere and oxygen
Obligate aerobes-require oxygen to grow and survive
Facultative anaerobes-use aerobic respiration but capable of anaerobic respiration 

10. How Eukaryotes convert chemical energy? Ac
Process: Krebs Cycle 
Location: Mitochondria 
Type of cells: Eukaryotic 

11. Krebs Cycle Ac Requires: Oxygen Produces: Carbon dioxide
Converts ADP            ATP

12. Fermentation   JW
Fermentation: Process in which cells release energy in the lack of oxygen
Alcoholic Fermentation: Process in which sugars turn into ATP, which produces ethanol and CO2
Lactic Acid Fermentation: Process in which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid without giving off CO2

13. What compound does Fermentation Produce? JW
Pyruvic Acid + NADH ---> Lactic Acid + NAD+
What compound does Fermentation Produce?    JW
Lactic Acid fermentation produces NAD+
If cell does not have NAD+ then cell cannot produce ATP
NAD+ causes the cell to go back to Glycolysis
In Glycolysis, ATP provides the cell with energy to keep the cell going

14. Products Alcoholic Fermentation Helps to Make JW
Causes dough for bread to rise and bake
Produces alcoholic beverages
Drinks that people love and enjoy are products of alcoholic fermentation

15. Products Lactic Acid Fermentation Helps to Make JW
Dairy products – cheese, sour cream, yogurt, buttermilk, etc
Sour foods – pickles, kimchi, and sauerkraut 
Products that people eat every day, are products of lactic acid fermentation

16. ABC's NM What is a heterotroph?
A) An organism that uses light for energy
B) An organism that uses light and other organisms for energy
C) An organism that only uses other organisms for energy
D) An organism that doesn’t need energy

17. ABC's NM What are the products of cellular respiration?
A) sugar, water, oxygen
B) carbon dioxide, water, energy
C) energy, water, carbon
D) oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide

18. Ac ABC's
What cycle does Eukaryotic cells go through to converts energy?
A) Glycolysis
B) Krebs Cycle
C) ETC
D) Fermentation

19. Ac ABC's
What mode of metabolism can use anaerobic and aerobic respiration?
A) Microaerophiles 
B) Obligate anaerobes
C) Obligate aerobes
D) Facultative anaerobes

20. ABC's JW Which type of fermentation produces CO2?
A) Lactic Acid Fermentation            
B) Alcoholic Fermentation
C) Fermentation
D) Respiration

21. ABC's   JW
What compound is needed for Lactic Acid Fermentation to return to Glycolysis?
A) NADP+
B) NADPH
C) NAD+
D) NADH

22. Overview How Prokaryotic cells obtain energy
Hoe Eukaryotic cells obtain energy
How Prokaryotic cells release energy
How Eukaryotic cells convert energy
Different types of fermentation
Products resulted from fermentation