1. 1. What was the cause of cold War tension in Egypt?
Gamal Abdel Nasser gained control of Egypt
Nasser accepted aid from the Soviet Union
Nasser Seized the Suez Canal

2. 2. What was the outcome of this action?
France , Great Britain and Israel invaded
They retook the canal
The U.S. persuaded the allies to withdraw
U.S. increased its presence to secure oil supplies and continued to support Israel

3. 3. What was the cause of cold War tension in Iran?
Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadeq took control
He accepted Soviet aid and forced Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi to flee
The new government seized a British oil company

4. 4. What was the outcome of this action?
The U.S. carried out a covert action to help overthrow Mossadeq
The Shah returned to power and continued to modernize Iran
The shah used secret police to oppress his opposition and was overthrown in 1979

5. 5. What was the cause of cold War tension in The Congo?
Prime minister Patrice Lumumba needed aid after the Congo gained independence
The U.S. rejected his plea for assistance
Lumumba turned to the U.S.S.R. for help

6. 6. What was the outcome of this action?
The U.S. feared Soviet influence in Africa
The CIA worked with local army to overthrow Lumumba
A new pro-American government was put in place

7. 7. During the Cold War, how many people were killed worldwide?
Approximately 40,000,000 people

8. 8. Describe two challenges to Soviet power during the 1950’s and 1960’s A. the Hungarians revolted in 1956
Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev ordered an invasion and crushed the rebellion
20,000 Hungarians died and a new soviet controlled government was installed

9. B. 2.6 million East Germans had fled to the west
Soviet built a 15 foot wall dividing East Berlin from West Berlin
C. There was a reform movement in Czechoslovakia in 1968
The Warsaw Pact nations sent in troops to crush the reform movement

10. 9. How did President Nixon see the effects improving relations with China?
He hoped to reduce tensions in East Asia
He hoped to play China and the U.S.S.R, against each other

11. 10. Describe the two reforms that Mikhail Gorbachev suggested to revive the Soviet Union?
Perestroika- restructuring the economic system
reduced central planning and allowed some free enterprise

12. Glasnost – openness in government
Encouraged citizens to voice new ideas and suggest improvements
gradually introduced greater freedom of press and public speech

13. 11. What happened on November 9, 1989?
The berlin wall came down
12. What happened to the Soviet Union in 1991?
The Soviet Union collapsed – dissolving into 15 separate countries