1. The Particle Theory
Big Idea 2.0

2. Think aloud What are the characteristics of the states of matter?
How do you change from one state to the other?
Solid
Liquid
Gas

3. The Particle Theory All matter is made of extremely tiny particles
Even too small for microscopes
The particles of matter are always vibrating and moving
This is kinetic energy
Adding heat to matter makes the particles move around and vibrate faster
The particles have space between them
This is EMPTY space (not filled with air) Solid particles have less space between them then liquids and gases

5. State of Matter
Distance between particles
Particle Movement
Volume and Shape
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Fill in with following statements:
Great amount of movement; particles are spread out
A little further apart than a solid
Fixed shape and volume
Only vibrates back and forth in position
Far apart
Takes shape of container; definite volume
Can move around freely, but held together by bonds
Very close together
Takes shape of container but no definite volume

6. The Particle Theory and Changes in Volume and State
What happens when you add heat to a solid?
Solid particles are packed close together and vibrate a small amount
Add heat and the particles vibrate more, some particles move further away from each other
Melting, as more heat is added particles continue to vibrate faster causing them to move even further apart
Liquid- particles have more kinetic energy and move further apart still
Add heat- particles still increase in vibration and kinetic energy, volume continues to increase
Boiling- particles bump into each other and some particles get ‘kicked’ out of the liquid
Gas- Particles move quickly and spread out in all directions, particles will fill a container but don’t have a fixed volume