1. Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia

2. What is dementia? Dementia is not classified as a specific disease.
Dementia is known as a cluster of symptoms affecting intellectual and social abilities severely enough to affect one’s daily functioning.
Different types of dementia exist depending on the changes that occur in the brain.
The most common forms of dementia is Alzheimer's disease.

3. What indicates you have Dementia?
Dementia is classified as having problems with at least two brain functions.
Not just memory loss
Common symptoms include:
Memory loss (often significant)
Difficulty communicating
Inability to learn or remember new information
Difficulty with planning or organizing
Difficulty with coordination or memory loss
Personality changes
Inability to reason
Inappropriate behavior

4. When to see your doctor
It is important to see your doctor immediately if you notice yourself or a loved one experiencing any of the symptoms listed before.
There is no cure for dementia, but early detection can lead to treatment and control of dementia related symptoms.
If dementia has already been diagnosed it is important to speak with your doctor if new symptoms arise or symptoms begin to worsen.

5. Preparing for your appointment
Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions.
Write down any symptoms.
Including ones that may seem unrelated to the reason for which you scheduled the appointment.
Write down any key personal information.
Including any major life changes, or recent stresses
Make a list of all medications.
Include any vitamins or supplements.
Bring a friend, family member or caregiver to the appointment.
There can be a lot of information to soak in during the appointment, so a second set of ears is good to have.

6. Types of Dementias
Alzheimer’s Disease: Most common form of Dementia. It is caused by a destruction of brain cells.
Lewy Body Dementia: This is caused by abnormal clumps of proteins found in the brain. Many of the symptoms are very similar to those found in Alzheimer’s disease, but it includes fluctuations in fluidity and clarity of thinking, visual hallucinations, and Parkinson's disease like tremors and rigidity.
Vascular Dementia: This dementia is the result of poor blood flow from the heart to the brain. Symptoms usually occur following a stroke and can include memory loss, confusion, and mood changes

7. Links to Dementia
Huntington’s Disease: Defined as an inherited disease that causes certain nerve cells in your brain and spinal cord to waste away.
Dementia Pugilistica: This disease is known as boxer’s dementia because it is often caused by repetitive head trauma.
HIV-associated Dementia: HIV, which causes AIDS, leads to widespread destruction of brain matter, causing memory loss and other dementia related symptoms.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: This is a rare and sporadic brain disorder that occurs suddenly in individuals.
Secondary Dementias: Sometimes individuals with other brain related disorders, like Parkinson's disease will develop dementia like symptoms.

8. What can help? Drug therapies Home and lifestyle remedies
Cholinesterase inhibitors and Memantine: work on chemical messengers in the brain.
Home and lifestyle remedies
Carry a calendar or day planner, maintain a calm and stable home environment, and maintain a regular nighttime ritual.
Coping and support
Write your feelings in a journal, join a support group, and maintain contact and share your feelings with your family.

9. Sources Mayo Clinic www.mayoclinic.com/health/dementia/DS01131
Alzheimer's Association