1. Adding Information from Outside Sources
Essays Writing
Adding Information from Outside Sources

2. Adding Information from Outside Sources
Quoting
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
Taking the same words, putting quotation marks around the words, and using the information to support your argument.
Taking the same details, but rearranging the structure and writing the ideas in your own words.
Proper nouns
Common nouns
Technical terms, and numbers do not need to be reworded.
Taking the same ideas from an outside source and rewriting only the main idea using different words and structure.

3. How to Quote
Arendt writes that "we must turn to Roman antiquity to find the first justification of war . . .”
The ancient Greeks never saw a need to justify wars that were waged outside the walls of the city state. "Hence we must turn to Roman antiquity to find the first justification of war, together with the first notion that there are just and unjust wars" (Arendt, 2012).
As Hannah Arendt points out in On Revolution, "we must turn to Roman antiquity to find the first justification of war, together with the first notion that there are just and unjust wars" (2012).

4. How to Paraphrase
Read the text. Identify and write down the words that cannot be changed such as technical terms and numbers.
Write down the details using different words.
Using only the words and phrases from your notes, write a paraphrase.
Compare and be sure your paraphrase has the same meaning.

5. Only 9% of the students who work part time earn sufficient income to support themselves.
Shared language (9%, students)
Details: part-time jobs, make enough money, earn a living)
Of all the students who have part time jobs, just 9% make enough money to earn a living (Conway, ).

6. Summarizing 1. Read and understand the original passage.
2. Identify the main idea and key points
3. From the key points write down the shared language and details from the original using different words.
4. From the shared language and key points write your summary.

7. Citations
Author’s last name, first name. ( year) . Title of article. Title of publication. Page numbers. Conway, R. (2010). Language Development. Cambridge. Greenway, J. (2015, April 18). Maybe we should negotiate with terrorists. Times. Retrieved from Jung, H. (2015, April 19). More older people committing crimes. The Korean Times. Retrieved from