1. LINAC OPS Budget Review
WBS 4
Experimental Facilities
Jochen R. Schneider February 18-20, 2009

2. Scientific motivation for LCLS
For the first time we will be able to study matter on atomic scale in space and time, i.e. we shall directly observe atoms moving on nature’s time scale which is pico- or femtosec, we shall study chemical reactions on femtosec time scales.
Ribosome: The Protein factory
space
energy
Gas phase
simple diatomic molecules
Exploring
excited state potential energy surfaces
In solution
Movies instead of pictures
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3. Single Particle Coherent Diffractive Imaging
Get the information
before the sample explodes
t = 0
t = 50 fs
t = 100 fs
What is the underlying
physics of the explosion?
incident X-ray beam
sample
detector
beam
stop
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4. Diffractive Imaging of Non-Reproducible objects
PICOPLANKTON are the most abundant photosynthetic cells in the oceans (discovered in 1988)
single shot
diffraction pattern
International collaboration lead by J. Hajdu and H. Chapman
1 micron
reconstruction
13.5 nm
~10 fs
sample preparation including alignment and
extreme focusing are crucial for success
This cell was injected into vacuum from solution, and shot through the beam at 200 m/s
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5. LCLS Scientific Thrust Areas
Based on the letters of intent received from the breadth of the scientific community in 2004 LCLS SAC recommended that instruments be designed to enable scientific research in five thrust areas:
Atomic, molecular and optical science (AMO) - LCLS
Diffraction studies of stimulated dynamics (XPP) - LUSI
Coherent scattering of nano-scale fluctuations (XCS) - LUSI
Coherent imaging of non-periodic, nano-scale objects (CXI) - LUSI
Materials in extreme environment (MEE)
Later SAC recommended to build a sixth instrument in order to cover the full range of science over the wavelength range of LCLS for
Investigation of materials with soft X-rays (SXR) – LCLS + Intern. Consortium
Further development of FEL concepts and upgrades of LCLS are of crucial importance to keep the facility at the forefront of a worldwide very dynamic development.
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6. Instruments and Tentative Operations Plan for LCLS
Near Experimental Hall
5,000
4,000
500
Photon science experiments
900
1,300
1,250
Machine studies photons
2,750
Machine studies electrons
1,960
2,160
4,260
Maintenance
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Tentative operation plan for LCLS [hours per fiscal year]
AMO
SXR XPP
Tentative instrument operation scheme
Start of commissioning,
early operations
09-09
AMO
06-11
XCS
01-11
XCI
06-10
XPP
04-10
SXR
CXI
XCS
MEE
Far Experimental Hall
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7. Outcome of 1st LCLS call for proposals
“Experiments at the AMO beamline (0.8-2 keV)”
28 proposals were received with 219 scientists from 16 countries involved , many of them in more than one.
Australia 4 Ireland 1
China 2 Italy 8
Czech Republic 4 Japan 6
Denmark 1 Netherlands 4
Finland 1 Poland 3
France 1 Sweden 26
Germany 70 United Kingdom 1
India 4 United States 83
Half of the proposals were motivated by single particle imaging.
21 proposals want to use the AMO station as built, 5 proposals want to use a special chamber built in Hamburg and moved to LCLS for the experiments, 2 proposals want to use very special chambers which the groups will provide.
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8. AMO commissioning/operations schedule
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9. Atoms in the FEL Beam Xe (13.4 nm / 92.5 eV) A.A. Sorokin et al.
Interaction region with 5 electron and one
ion time-of-flight spectrometer
A.A. Sorokin et al.
(13.4 nm / 92.5 eV) Xe
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10. AMO experimental station
Diagnostics chamber
Chamber for
high field physics
K-B
focusing mirror
J. Bozek (LCLS)
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11. Experiments with Soft X-rays at LCLS
(500) 800 eV – 2 keV
Available March 2010
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12. XPP Instrument Design Detector Mover Detector Ultrafast Laser
Diagnostics
Sample Goniometer
X-ray Optics & Diagnostics
D. Fritz (LUSI)
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13. Experimental Facilities Division (XFD)
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14. WBS 4. EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES
XFD funding in FY09
emp 1,200 k$
indirect 570k$
m&s 60 k$
travel 55 k$
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15. WBS 4. EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES
XFD funding in FY09
4.1 (3.1 FTE): J. Arthur, J. Hastings, J. Schneider J. Bozek, S. Boutet, D. Fritz, A. Robert
4.2 (2.8 FTE) J. Arthur, S. Edstrom, H. Tompkins
S. Boutet, Y. Feng, D. Fritz, A. Robert
4.3 (1.8 FTE) N .v. Bakel, Y. Feng, J. Hastings, P. Stefan
Up to 1.6 M$ of LCLS OPC is used for commissioning and hiring of 18 new staff in FY09 which roll over into XFD in FY10.
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16. WBS 4.EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES
XFD funding FY09 – FY12
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17. WBS 4.EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES
XFD development of personnel FY09 – FY12
TOTAL k$ as escalated , , , ,648
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18. Development of XFD resources
Manpower
Total budget
FTE M$
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19. XFD personnel development
(*)
(*) XFD support only
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20. Computing at/for XFD
LCLS controls and data infrastructure need to provide
tools for simulating of experiments
real-time data acquisition system
sub-picosecond timing control
quasi real-time quick view/data rendering
simple real-time data analysis/reduction
binning, sorting, filtering, compression, etc.,
on-line storage
long-term storage
high performance offline processing
complex analysis
large volume rendering
Organization of workshops with LCLS users involving XFD, SCCS and scientists from other outside institutions for continuous updating of the computing needs.
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21. Detector group activities beyond LUSI projects
Potential enhancements of the base line instrumentation
2D Detector testing, support, calibration, maintenance, e.g. CXI, XPP and XCS detectorDetector integration and support for incoming detectors: mechanics, cooling, DAQ, controls e.g. pnCCD for SXR
Develop new type of detectors, e.g. energy resolving super conducting detectors, different sensor material like high Z for >15 keV x-rays
Detectors for fast timing and synchronization, e.g. streak cameras
Detector simulation for detector development, including data processing and analysis
Write application software with DAQ group
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22. Ongoing developments: Instruments
Potential enhancements of the base line instrumentation
AMO: Reaction microscope, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, imaging endstation, cluster source, smaller focus optics
SXR: Design and construction of photon in – photon out spectrometers, Station for time resolved studies of magnetism
XPP: Extension of pump laser capabilities (shared with AMO), cryostats, small Angle Scattering capability, offset monochromator
CXI: In-vacuum cryo-goniometer, duplication of internal components into a second experimental chamber, 2nd full detector, aerojet source of particles, next generation particle injector, pump laser system
XCS: Advanced split-delay with photon wavelength tunability
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23. XFD funding FY09 – FY12 (direct costs)
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24. Summary XFD can operate the 6 beamlines for users as defined today
XFD can run an appropriate in-house research program
The efforts in computing have to be strengthened
The number of instrument hours have to be increased (multiplexing instruments)
We are convinced that an ongoing detector development is crucial
Instrumentation and methodology has to be updated continuously
Competition: SPring-8 FEL starts operation in European XFEL starts operation in 2014
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