1. Chapter 21
Protists & Fungi

2. 21-1 Kingdom Protista
Protists are eukaryotes that don’t belong to plant, animal, or fungi kingdoms
“Junk pile” group of eukaryotes b

3. Key Vocab 21-2: Protist Structure & Function
pseudopod- cytoplasmic projections used for movement
cilium (cilia)- short projections, many, used for movement
flagellum (flagella)- long projections, usually 1 or 2, used for movement

4. Spores- in nonmotile protists, reproductive cell that enter other organisms and live as parasites, ex:Plasmodium sp.
Conjugation- a process under stress, where exchange of genetic materials occur, ex: paramecia
Alternation of generations- a life cycle that switches between diploid and haploid stages ex: water molds

5. Sporangium- a structure that produces spores during asexual reproduction, ex: water molds

6. 21-3 The Ecology of Protists
Algal bloom- huge mass of protists as a result of excessive wastes, can disrupt ecosystem balance, ex: Euglena
Food vacuole- small pocket in the cytoplasm that stores food, ex: amoeba

7. Gullet- an indentation where food is swept in, ex: paramecium
Plasmodium- large structure made of a collection of cells eventually produces sporangia that make spores

8. 21-4 Fungi
Chitin- material that makes up cell walls of fungi and external skeleton of insects
Hyphae-long slender branching filaments in fungi

9. symbiotic relationship-a type of relationship of common benefit or dependence
Lichen- a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism
Mycorrhizae-a symbiotic relationship between plant roots and fungi

10. Fruiting body- reproductive structure of fungi
Mycelium-mass of branching hyphae below the soil