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Bacteria Classification and Characteristics
GROUP #1 Ashley Corso, Alexa Barrios & Emma Stein
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Overview Location & structure of Prokaryotes
Functions of each structure Benefits of bacteria How bacteria harms our lives Classifying Prokaryotes How bacteria moves
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Bacteria Archaea Two Domains ES Live almost everywhere
Surrounded by cell wall Archaea Extremely harsh environments Cell walls Important differences ES
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Venn diagram comparison
Bacteria Protects cell from injury Shape determined by cell wall Archaea Lack peptidoglycan Membranes contain different lipids Similarities Lack nuclei ES
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Prokaryotic cell Ribosome- site of protein synthesis
Flagellum- used for cell movement Peptidoglycan- forms cell wall of bacteria ES
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Prokaryotic cell ES Cell Wall- rigid layer outside membrane
Cell Membrane- surrounds cytoplasm of cell DNA- found floating in cytoplasm Pili- organelles that allow bacteria to straighten ES
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4 ways bacteria benefits our lives
DECOMPOSERS Breaking down dead organisms Maintain equilibrium in the environment PRODUCERS Half the primary production in the ocean Producing their own food AB
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4 ways bacteria benefits our lives cont.
NITROGEN FIXERS Fixation converts nitrogen gas into ammonia HUMAN USES OF PROKARYOTES Production of all types of food Removes human waste products AB
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HOW BACTERIA HARMS OUR LIVES
HOW BACTERIA CAUSES DISEASE Destroying living cells Releasing chemicals, upsetting homeostasis DAMAGING HOST TISSUE RELEASING TOXINS PATHOGEN Disease causing agent AB
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5 WAYS we can CONTROL BACTERIA
PHYSICAL REMOVAL Washing with soap removes bacteria DISINFECTANTS Chemical solutions kill bacteria FOOD STORAGE Keep food fresh to avoid bacteria AB
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5 WAYS WE CAN CONTROL BACTERIA
FOOD PROCESSING Raising temperatures of food kills bacteria STERILIZATION BY HEAT Above 100° C prevents bacteria AB
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Bacteria classification
Size 1-5 MICROMETERS Shape 3 SHAPES Movement NO MOVEMENT, PROPELLED & GLIDE Release & Obtain energy PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND DECMPSITION AC
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PROKARYOTIC SIZE AC Range from 1–5 micrometers
Significantly smaller than Eukaryotic cells Small size allows ions & molecules to enter quickly AC
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Prokaryote shapes Bacilli Cocci Spirilla AC ROD SHAPED
SPHERICAL SHAPED Spirilla SPIRAL & CORKSCREW SHAPED AC
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MOVEMENT OF bacteria AC NO MOVEMENT AT ALL PROPELLED BY FLAGELLA
GLIDE ALONG A LAYER OF SLIMELIKE MATERIAL AC
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How is bacteria's shape determined?
A. Membrane B. Living Enviromint C. Cell Wall D. DNA ES
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What is the function of the flagellum?
A. Cell movement B. Structure C. Determines shape D. Protects from injury ES
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WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF PATHOGENS?
A-Physical removal B-Releasing chemicals C-Poison D-Disease causing agents AB
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WHICH OF THESE IS NOT A WAY TO CONTROL BACTERIA?
A-Sterilization By Heat B-Physical Removal C-Pathogens D-Food Storage AB
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Which is false about prokaryotes?
Range from 1-7 in size Smaller than Eukaryotes Lack nuclei Some have spiraled shape structure AC
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Which is NOT A SHAPE OF PROKARYOTES?
BACILLI LILIGI COCCI SPIRILLA AC
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Overview Both domains lack nuclei
Bacteria and Archaea has different environments Bacteria can cause us to be sick Bacteria can be prevented with fresh food Prokaryotes come in all shapes and sizes Some bacteria dies not move at all
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