1. Introduction to Psychiatry for Holy Spirit – 10th Grade
Marisa A. Giggie, MD, MPAff
Assistant Professor, Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine
University of Alabama School of Medicine, Tuscaloosa Campus

2. GOALS OF PRESENTATION REVIEW DEFINITION OF PSYCHIATRY
REVIEW DEFINITION OF MENTAL ILLNESS
REVIEW TRAINING REQUIREMENTS TO BE A PSYCHIATRIST
INTRODUCE BASIC TREATMENT MODALITIES

3. WHAT IS PSYCHIATRY?

4. DEFINITION OF PSYCHIATRY
The medical specialty concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental illness.

5. DEFINITION OF MENTAL ILLNESS
A mental disorder or mental illness:
psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in an individual
Causes distress or disability that is not part of normal development or culture.
The recognition and understanding of mental health conditions has changed over time and across cultures, and there are still variations in the definition, assessment, and classification of mental disorders, although standard guideline criteria are widely accepted.
Over a third of people in most countries report meeting criteria for the major categories at some point in their life.

6. SERIOUS MENTAL ILLNESS (SMI)
Disorder of thought, mood, perception, orientation or memory
Examples: schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic conditions not otherwise specified, bipolar disorder, and severe depressive disorders.
Excludes personality disorders & substance abuse disorders

7. DSM-V

8. PSYCHIATRY VS PSYCHOLOGY
PSYCHIATRY IS A MEDICAL FIELD
PSYCHIATRISTS GO TO MEDICAL SCHOOL
PSYCHIATRISTS TRAIN AS LONG AS SURGEONS
PSYCHIATRISTS PRESCRIBE MEDICATION AND DO PSYCHOTHERAPY
PSYCHIATRISTS ARE NOT PSYCHOLOGISTS

9. PSYCHOLOGISTS ARE NOT PHYSICIANS
"Psychologist" is an academic, occupational or professional title[1] used by individuals who are either:
Social scientists conducting psychological research or teaching psychology in a college or university;
employed by the government in psychology positions;
professionals who apply psychological research, theories and techniques to "real-world" problems, questions and issues, most typically in health and mental health care services, or in business and industry.
There are many different types of psychologists, as is reflected by the 56 different divisions of the American Psychological Association (APA). Psychologists are generally described as being either "applied" or "research-oriented". The common terms used to describe this central division in psychology are "scientists" or "scholars" (those who conduct research) and "practitioners" or "professionals" (those who apply psychological knowledge). The training models endorsed by the APA require that applied psychologists be trained as both researchers and practitioners, and that they possess advanced degrees.
Most typically, people encounter psychologists and think of the discipline as involving the work of clinical or counseling psychologists. While counseling and psychotherapy are common activities for psychologists, these applied fields are just one branch in the larger domain of psychology.

10. Psychologists do NOT prescribe medication. Only a Physician can.

11. WHAT IS A PSYCHIATRIST?
A physician – MD or DO – who completes medical school, then a four-year residency in psychiatry.
Subspecialties: Child & Adolescent, Forensic, Geriatric, C&L, Substance Abuse

12. TRAINING IN PSYCHIATRY RESIDENCY
Note: All MS3 do psychiatry rotation
YEAR 1: Internship/neurology/IM/ER
YEAR 2: Mostly inpatient, C&L, subspecialty rotations, start psychotherapy caseload
YEAR 3: OUTPATIENT
YEAR 4: JR. ATTENDING ROLE ON SERVICES & ELECTIVE/RESEARCH TIME
Call is worst in year 1 then gets better

13. WHO ARE THERAPISTS?

14. DEFINITION OF A PSYCHOTHERAPIST
Psychotherapy or personal counseling with a psychotherapist, is an intentional interpersonal relationship used by trained psychotherapists to aid a client or patient in problems of living.
It aims to increase the individual's sense of their own well-being. Psychotherapists employ a range of techniques based on experiential relationship building, dialogue, communication and behavior change and that are designed to improve the mental health of a client or patient, or to improve group relationships (such as in a family).
Psychotherapy may also be performed by practitioners with a number of different qualifications, including psychiatry, clinical psychology, counseling psychology, mental health counseling, clinical social work, marriage and family therapy, rehabilitation counseling, music therapy, occupational therapy, psychiatric nursing, psychoanalysis and others.

15. FREUD WAS A PSYCHIATRIST WHO POPULARIZED PSYCHOANALYSIS

16. DIAGNOSIS OF MENTAL ILLNESS
Can be diagnosed by a psychiatrist, a psychologist, or a psychotherapist.
Psychiatric Evaluation is not the same as a Psychological Evaluation is not the same as a therapy evaluation.
ARE YOU CONFUSED YET?

17. PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATION FOR MENTAL ILLNESS
Assess symptoms of major psychiatric disorders
Past psychiatric history, past medical history, medications, allergies, family medical history, developmental history, educational history, work history, social history
Mental Status Examination/Sometimes Physical Examination
Assessment and Plan

18. MAJOR CATEGORIES OF MENTAL ILLNESS
DISORDERS OF INFANCY, CHILDHOOD, AND ADOLESCENCE (ADHD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Autism, Mental Retardation, etc)
DELIRIUM, DEMENTIA, AMNESTIC DISORDERS
SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS (Alcohol…)
MENTAL DISORDERS DUE TO A GENERAL MEDICAL CONDITION
MOOD DISORDER
SCHIZOPHRENIA AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS
FACTITIOUS DISORDERS
DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS
SEXUAL AND GENDER IDENTITY DISORDERS
EATING DISORDERS
SLEEP DISORDERS
IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDERS
ADJUSTMENT DISORDERS
PERSONALITY DISORDERS

19. TREATMENTS FOR MENTAL ILLNESS
MEDICATIONS
PSYCHOTHERAPY
ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY (ECT)
TRANSMAGNETIC STIMULATION (TMS)

20. MEDICATIONS ANTIDEPRESSANTS ANTIPSYCHOTICS ANXIOLYTICS
MOOD STABILIZERS
STIMULANTS
HYPNOTICS

21. WHY STUDY PSYCHIATRY? It is seen in all specialties.
Approx % of primary care visits deal with psychiatric issues directly or involve the psychological aspect of disease.
The brain is the last great frontier in medicine.
It’s never boring – always interesting.
Intellectually stimulating and diverse.
It’s fun!!!