1. Taking in and Storing Information
Chapter 10.1
Taking in and Storing Information

2. Memory
The storage and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced.

3. The 3 Processes of Memory
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval 1 2 3

4. 3 Processes of Memory Encoding:
Storage
Retrieval
Encoding:
The transforming of information so the nervous system can process it.
Basically using your senses-
You use acoustic codes by saying something out loud to yourself, over and over
Visual codes are used when you make mental pictures
Semantic codes are used when you try and make some kind of meaning: remember the word “face” rather than each individual letter

5. 3 Processes of Memory Storage:
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Storage:
The process by which information is maintained over a period of time.
Dependent upon how much effort was put into encoding the information.

6. 3 Processes of Memory Retrieval:
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Retrieval:
The process of obtaining information that has been stored in memory.

7. The Three Stages of Memory
Sensory Memory
Short-term Memory
Long-term Memory 1 2 3

8. Three Stages of Memory Sensory memory
Short-term Memory
Long-term Memory
Sensory memory
Very brief memory storage immediately following initial stimulation of a receptor.
holds info for a fraction of a second
why you don’t notice gaps in motion pic

9. Three Stages of Memory Short-term memory
Sensory Memory
Short-term Memory
Long-term Memory
Short-term memory
Memory that is limited in capacity to about 7 items, and in duration by the subject’s active rehearsal.
holds info for about seconds
“Magic # 7”

20. Now… write down as many as you can remember
-Let’s make a list on the board
-How’d ya do?
Let’s see…...

22. Short-Term Memory Maintenance rehearsal Chunking
A system for remembering that involves repeating information to oneself without attempting to find meaning in it.
Chunking
The process of grouping items to make them easier to remember.

23. Short-Term Memory Primacy-recency effect Working memory
We are better able to recall information presented at the beginning (primacy) and end (recency) of a list.
Working memory
Another name for short-term memory.

24. Three Stages of Memory Long-term memory
Sensory Memory
Short-term Memory
Long-term Memory
Long-term memory
The storage of information over extended periods of time.
holds an unlimited amount of info

25. Sensory Memory Iconic Memory Echoic Memory Visual sensory memory
Holds visual information for up to a second
Echoic Memory
Auditory sensory memory
Holds auditory information for seconds

26. Types of Long-Term Memory:
Semantic memory
Episodic memory
Declarative memory
Procedural memory

27. Long-Term Memory Semantic memory Episodic memory
Knowledge of language, including its rules, words, and meanings.
Episodic memory
Memory of one’s life, including time of occurrence.

28. Long-Term Memory Declarative memory Procedural memory
Memory of knowledge that can be called forth consciously as needed.
Procedural memory
Memory of learned skills that does not require conscious recollection.

29. Review… Memory Task Types of Memory A. Declarative B. Episodic
Writing your name
Words to the Star Spangled Banner
Your friend’s birthday party from last week
Tying your shoe
What you ate last Thanksgiving
Remembering the parts of the limbic system
Knowing that the word plane is different from plain, even though they sound the same.
Types of Memory
A. Declarative
B. Episodic
C. Semantic
D. Procedural

30. Answers…
1. D
2. A or C
3. B
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. C

31. That’s [for now] all folks...