2. Breathing Emergencies
When air cannot travel freely and easily into the lungs
Lack of oxygen causes the heart to stop and thus causing blood to no longer flow
Only takes 4-6 minutes for brain cells to start to die

3. Signals of Breathing Emergencies
Trouble breathing Slow or rapid breathing Gasping for breath
Flushed, pale, ashen or bluish skin color
Shortness of breath
Pain in the chest or tingling in hands, feet or lips (pg 47 for more)

4. Respiratory Distress and Respiratory Arrest
Respiratory Distress is a condition in which breathing becomes difficult. (most common breathing emergency)
Respiratory Arrest is a condition in which breathing stops

5. Respiratory Distress
This can be caused by Illness Electrocution Partially obstructed airway Heart attack Drugs Poisoning Injury to head, chest, lungs, abdomen

6. Time is Critical Tick. . . Tick. . . Tick. . .
0 minutes: Breathing stops. Heart will soon stop beating
4-6 minutes: Brain damage possible
6-10 minutes: Brain damage likely
Over 10 minutes: Irreversible brain damage certain

7. Conditions that Cause Breathing Emergencies Asthma
Emphysema
Bronchitis
Hyperventilation
Allergic Reactions

8. Caring for Breathing Emergencies
Person is breathing Too fast Slow Noisy Painful
Call 9-1-1

9. Caring for Breathing Emergencies
Trouble breathing Do not lye down Sitting up-right
Communication Shake or nod head Yes or No questions

10. Caring for Breathing Emergencies
Hyperventilating Generally caused by emotion Fear, Excitement
Can resume normal breathing Calm Down Reassure them Call 9-1-1

11. Choking
Airway has been partially or completely blocked by a foreign object
Foreign Objects Food Small Toy
Other ways of choking Swelling in mouth or throat Fluid (vomit, blood)

12. Universal Sign of Choking

13. Choking
If the choking person is coughing forcefully let them try and cough up the object
Encourage them to cough
Call if the object does not come up

14. Care for a Choking Emergency
Partially blocked airway can very quickly become completely blocked
Coughing weakly or making high pitched noises (not getting enough air)

15. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child)
Airway completely blocked need immediate care
Time is critical! Tick. . . Tick. . . Tick. . .

16. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child) Back Blows. . .
Give a combination of 5 back blows followed by 5 abdominal thrusts
To give back blows, position yourself slightly behind the person
Place one leg between there legs

17. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child) Back Blows. . .
Provide support by placing one arm diagonally across the chest and lean the person forward
Firmly strike the person with an open palm between the shoulders (angle up)

18. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child) Abdominal Thrusts
Stand or kneel behind the person and wrap your arms around their waist
Make a fist with one hand and place the thumb side against the middle of the abdomen just above the navel

19. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child) Abdominal Thrusts
Grab your fist with your other hand and give quick, upward thrusts into the abdomen
Continue back blows and abdominal thrusts until object is dislodged

20. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child) Chest Thrusts
Only done when a person is too big or is pregnant
Same as abdominal thrusts except for placement of hands

21. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child) Chest Thrusts
Place your fist against the center of the breastbone
Grab your fist with your other hand and give quick thrusts into the chest

22. Conscious Choking (Adult or Child) Alone
Locate any firm object Back of a chair Kitchen sink, Railing
DO NOT use anything sharp
Use the object to give yourself abdominal thrusts

23. Conscious Choking (Infant) Back Blows
Position infant face-up on your forearm
Place your other hand on top of the infant, using your thumb and fingers to hold the infants jaw
Turn the infant over (face down)

24. Conscious Choking (Infant) Back Blows
Lower your arm onto your thigh
Give 5 firm back blows using the heel of your hand between the shoulders
Maintain and support the infants head and neck by firmly holding the jaw

25. Conscious Choking (Infant) Chest Thrusts
Sandwich the infant between your forearms
Turn the infant onto there back and support your arm on your thigh

26. Conscious Choking (Infant) Chest Thrusts
Locate the correct place to give chest thrusts (T)
Place the pads of two or three fingers and compress the breastbone
Compress ½ to 1inch (5 chest thrusts)

27. Rescue Breathing for Children
A. B. C.’s
Pinch nose shut, take a breath
Complete seal around there mouth with your mouth
Breathe into the child until you see the chest rise

28. Rescue Breathing for Children
Give 2 rescue breaths each lasting 1 sec.
Pause between breathes (will let air flow out)
Check pulse after 2 rescue breathes (no more than ten seconds)

29. Rescue Breathing for Infant
A. B. C.’s
Cover the nose and mouth with your mouth
Give two rescue breaths until chest rises
Pause between breaths

30. Rescue Breathing for Infant
Check pulse by pressing your first two fingers against the bone on the inside of the upper arm
Not breathing have pulse, continue rescue breaths
1 rescue breath every 3 seconds
Check pulse every two minutes

31. Breathing Barriers
Air in the Stomach
Vomiting