1. 7th Grade Civics Miss Smith *pgs. 614-618
The Cold War
7th Grade Civics
Miss Smith
*pgs

2. Causes of the Cold War
After fighting Nazi Germany as allies, USA and Soviet Union became enemies
This was because of their differences in economic systems and government
USA- market economy and representative democracy
Soviet Union- command economy and Communist regime
Why did the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union break down after WWII? The Soviet Union began establishing Communist governments around Eastern Europe, and the US did not want communism to spread

3. Roots of Communism
Communism- economic and political system in which the means of production are owned by the government and the government decides what will be produced
The gov. owns the land, capitol, and labor

4. The Cold War begins (in 1947)
The Soviet Union gained control of the countries along its borders and turned them into Communist governments
Satellite nations- countries that are controlled by another country
Next, the Soviet Union tried to spread to other areas to gain more power
The U.S. saw this as a threat to U.S. national security and world peace
This competition for global power and influence was the Cold War
Why do you think the US wanted to prevent the spread of communism? The US believed in freedom of the people and democracy and promoted the spread of these ideals rather than those of communism

6. The Policy of Containment
Truman Doctrine- the policy that the U.S. would give economic aid to countries fighting communism
Containment- U.S. policy of preventing the spread of Communism
What was the U.S. policy of containment? Truman’s policy that the US would provide economic aid to countries trying to fight off communism

7. Communism in China Civil war broke out in China after WWII
Chinese Communists defeated the government
Those defeated fled to Taiwan where they set up their own government
Taiwan maintains its independence, but China claims it as a territory

8. The Cuban Missile Crisis
Balance of power- situation in which countries are about equal in strength
The Soviet Union developed nuclear weapons
They built secret missile bases in Cuba
This was a threat to the U.S.
The U.S. threatened military force if the missiles weren’t removed

9. The Korean War
Communist North Korea tried to invade noncommunist South Korea
N. Korea had help from the Soviet Union and China
S. Korea had help from the U.S. and 15 other UN member countries
Limited war- war fought without using a country’s full power, particularly nuclear weapons
The war reached a stale mate and Korea remained divided

10. The Vietnam War
*Do NOT write
How do you think the US used its containment policy to respond to problems in Vietnam?
The US sent economic aid, military advisers, and troops to South Vietnam to help fight against attacks from Communist North Vietnam

11. The End of the Cold War
The Soviet Union’s economy began to fail, citizens became dissatisfied and agitated
The leader of the Soviet Union (Mikhail Gorbachev) began a series of reforms
Détente- lessening of tensions
By the start of the 1990s, communism in Eastern Europe began to fall
The Cold War ended in 1991
How did social change in Eastern Europe help lead to the end of the Cold War? It caused citizens in Soviet satellite nations to overturn Communist governments
What problems might have faced Soviet satellite nations when communism was eliminated and they became independent? How to organize free elections, how to rebuild an independent economy