1. Tory or Patriot
What’s the difference?

2. **Remember: Loyal to the royals
Tories
Famous Tories: -Benedict Arnold -Thomas Hutchinson -James Chalmers -Joseph Brant
Tories were colonists whose loyalty remained with Great Britain during the American Revolution
AKA:
Loyalists
King’s men
King’s Friends
**Remember: Loyal to the royals

3. Tory Beliefs
The ‘divine right of kings’ – the belief that the king had been chosen by god and that his subjects had a religious duty to obey him – led to fierce Tory loyalty to the monarchy
The Tories strongly defended the supremacy of the Church of England and were against extending civil rights to non conformists (religious minorities)
Tories were overwhelmingly and exclusively made up of upper class nobles
The Tories were fearful of and resistant to change and revolution – led them to want to put down protestors
The Tories believed the existing political system should never be reformed (or changed)

4. Patriot
Patriots are the persons in the colonies that supported the American Revolution. They included people from all social and economic classes.
AKA:
Whigs
Rebels
Sons of Liberty
Liberty Boys
Famous Patriots:
John Adams
Sam Adams
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
Thomas Paine
* It may help you remember the Whigs from the Tories if you think of American Whig & General, George Washington, who famously wore a wig.

5. Whig Beliefs
The Whigs were more likely to question the power and spending of the King and the royal family
The Whigs believed Parliament should have more power than the King
They were mainly upper class but increasingly drew support from ‘new money’ the industrial and commercial middle class
The Whigs were sympathetic to religious minorities (Catholics and non conformists)
The Whigs were less resistant to change and became more and more pro-reform as the influence of the new middle class grew

6. Throughout the Colonies
When Loyalists were the minority living among Patriot communities :
They tended to be passive and quiet, perhaps because of harassment and intimidation.
Loyalists were vilified in propaganda as spies, money-hungry capitalists and enemies of the revolution.
There were constant threats of violence, such as tarring-and-feathering, against those who continued to support the king
Many Loyalist families fled their homes because of threats or intimidation. It is believed that around 80,000 Loyalists fled America during or after the Revolutionary War, most to Canada and some to British colonies in the Caribbean or to England itself.
Since Loyalists tended to be government officials or hold some kind of local office, these positions were quickly filled by ambitious Patriots, further shifting the balance in support of the revolution.

7. Tarring and Feathering