1. VENEZUELA
Berrin ERSÖZ
072309

2. Venezuela Overview Location and language
Population and demograpical structure
Essential historical events
Political Structure
Political culture
Hugo Chavez
Economical Structure
Neo-liberal policy effection
Economical issues
Social Structure
Millenium Development Goals
Prosperity rates of the Venezuelan society

3. Venezuela

4. Venezuela
The Venezuela has named Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela since 1999
The country uses offical language of Spanish.
The capital city is Caracas where it located northen coast of south America,
many significant geographical neighbours
such as;Brazil,Colombia.
The population of country is 31,775,371 (IMF,2016)
Demographical shape;
Roman Catholics 96%
Protestan 2% also others.

5. History of Venezuela
1521 ;Spanish colonisation begins on the north-east coast.
1810;Venezuelans take advantage of Napoleon's invasion of Spain to declare independence.
;Antonio Guzman Blanco attracts foreign investment,modernises infrastructure and develops agriculture and education.
1945 ;Coup establishes civilian government after decades of military rule.
1948 ;President Romulo Gallegos who Venezuela's first democratically-elected leader but overthrown within eight months in military coup led by Marcos Perez Jimenez.
1958;Perez win election and become president.

6. History of Venezuela
1973;Venezuela benefits from oil boom and its currency peaks against the US dollar also oil and steel industries nationalized
1992;Hugo Chavez and supporters make two coup attempts
1998;Hugo Chavez become president
2013;President Hugo Chavez dies and Nicolas Madura become president.
2016;thousand of people take part in a protest in Caracas to removal of President Madura to his responsibility for the economic crisis.
2017 ;Chief prosecutor Luisa Ortega goes into exile because of the government wanted to stop her investigations into alleged corruption and human rights abuses.

7. Political Structure
Federal Republic system which it occurs 5 main branches
such as;executive,legislative,judicary,electoral branch and citizen branch.
Presidental goverment model that president as head of state,head of goverment and head of unicameral of federal legislature.
President is elected for 6 years term
Direct election and plurality voting which re-elected
The national assembly consists of 165 deputies
Elected for 5 years term
Elections are state level and local level

8. Political Structure Dominant party system
Also Hibrid regime (corruption and nondemocratic)
United Socialist Party of Venezuela is dominant party
It founded in 2007 that merged many smaller party
Support Hugo Chavez at the Bolivarian Revolution and Fifth Republic Movement.
Bolivarian Revolution which implemented Bolivarianism,nationalism and state-led economy also inter-American coalition.
Fifth Republic Movement known that United Socialist Party and it carried Chavez towards presidency
aim is the constitutional assembly

9. Political Structure

10. Political Structure Who is Hugo Chavez?..
Venezuelan politician and revolutionary
President between 1999 and 2012
Leader of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela
Chavismo that pattern of Chavez
As a political ideology which Bolivarianism and Socialism of 21st century
Anti-imperialist,against neo-liberalism policy and liassez-faire capitalism
Nationalized important industries
Implemented social reforms and programes to increase prosperity of Venezuela.

11. Corruption perceptions index

12. Freedom of press

13. rate of rights and liberties

14. Economical Structure Venezuela has significant petrolium resources
prime country on the world that selling and trading of petrolium.
The country has important harbours
so this chance provides export that it is 80 percentage out of total trading rate.
Also most exporting products are heavy industries
such as;iron,steel,aluminum,motor vhehicle and construction materials.
Venezuela has agriculture productions
like that;corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables, coffee, beef, pork, fish

15. Economical Structure In the mid-2000s,
High price of oil,Venezuela earns profit
So improve the poverty,standart of living,income equality and economical prosperity
Also reforms of Chavez effected on economical life positively
In despite of all these economical opportunities and sustainable programe
After falling of oil price
higher rate of unemployment and inflation (Venezuelan consumer prices rose 800 percent in 2016)
so job losses and low wage rate make economic hardship

16. GDP index of Venezuela

17. Index of poverty in Venezuela

18. Unemployment index

19. Rate of inflation

20. Social Structure

21. Social Structure

22. Population pyramid

23. Social structure Population growth rate 1.28% (2016 est.) Birth rate
19.2 births/1,000 population (2016)
Death rate
5.2 deaths /1,000 population (2016)
Maternal mortality rate
95 deaths /100,000 live births (2015)
Infant mortality rate
12.5 deaths /1,000 live births
Life expectancy
Total population: 75.8 years
Male : 72.7 years
Female : 78.9 years (2016)

24. Social Structure Literacy rate that age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 96.3%
male: 96.4% and female: 96.2% (2015)
Education expenditure
6.9% of GDP (2009)
Health expenditure
5.3% of GDP (2014)
Major infectious diseases
High degree of risk ,such as food or waterborne diseases
The Zika virus by mosquitoes which it has been identified in this country (2016)

25. Social Structure Population distribution among the geographically
most of the population is concentrated in the northern and western parts also capital city of Caracas
Urbaniztion rate:
89% of total population (2015)
Major urban cities:
Caracas where capital city million ,Maracaibo million ,Valencia million ,Maracay million ,Barquisimeto million (2015)
Migration rate:
The net migration rate of Venezuela indicates that no migrants are immigration to or emigrating from the country per every 1,000 people in Venezuela, which means that Venezuela's population is not increasing or decreasing do to migration. 

26. conclusion