1. Period 3 Grammar Direct speech & Indirect speech
Unit 1 Friendship
Period 3
Grammar
Direct speech & Indirect speech

2. I Warming Up
Listen to Anne’s story. The teacher will repeat each sentence after her. Pay attention to how your teacher retells what Anne said. Notice the difference between Anne’s story and your teacher’s retelling of it.

3. Warming Up Pay attention to how your teacher retells what Anne said!
Direct speech
S: My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.
T: She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.
___________
___
___
___
Indirect speech

4. Warming Up Pay attention to how your teacher retells what Anne said!
Direct speech
S: My family and I are hiding in Amsterdam.
T: She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam.
_______
__________
Indirect speech

5. Warming Up Pay attention to how your teacher retells what Anne said!
Direct speech
S: My only true friend is Kitty — my diary.
T: She said that her only true friend was Kitty — her diary.
___________
___
___
Indirect speech

6. Warming Up Pay attention to how your teacher retells what Anne said!
Direct speech
S: After hiding here for a long time, I’ve become crazy about nature.
T: She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy about nature.
_______
_____
______
Indirect speech

7. II Grammar Study
1. Look at the sentences in Exercise 1 of your Student’s Book on page 5. Work in pairs and identify the difference between direct speech and indirect speech in the sentences.
Differences:
Verb tenses
Pronoun forms
Word order
Adverbials of time

8. Grammar Study
2. Now, observe the changes between direct speech and indirect speech in the chart, and then try to summarize the rules !

9. Grammar Study Sentence structure Direct speech Indirect speech
Declarative
Positive
She said, “I passed this exam.”
Negative
John said, “I can’t finish the job this afternoon.”
She said that she had passed that exam.
John told me that he couldn’t finish the job that afternoon.

10. Grammar Study Sentence structure Direct speech Indirect speech
Interrogative
(yes/no questions)
“Are you going to buy this coat?” Sam asked Mary.
Sam asked Mary if she was going to buy the coat.

11. Grammar Study Sentence structure Direct speech Indirect speech
Special Interrogative
“How can I solve the problem?” Jane asked me.
Jane asked me how she could solve the problem.
Work in groups of four, study all the examples provided and read the grammar appendix on page Finish your task of summarizing the rules.

12. Group Work: Group 1 Task 1 Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Sentence structure
Declarative
Yes/No questions
Special questions

13. Group Work: Group 2 Task 2 Direct Speech Indirect Speech Tense Present
Past
Present perfect
Past perfect
Present continuous
Future

14. Group 3 Group Work: Task 3 Direct Speech Indirect Speech Pronoun
First person
Second person
This
These
Adverbial of place
Here
This place
These places
Verb
Come
Bring

15. Group Work: Group 4 Task 4 Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Adverbial of time
Now
Today
Yesterday
This week/month/year
Last week/month/year
Three days ago
Tomorrow

16. Summary Task 1 Direct Speech Indirect Speech Sentence structure
Declarative
Say/tell sb.that+clasue
Interrogative
Ask/wonder whether/if +statement order
Special Interrogative
Ask/wonder wh-word +statement order

17. Summary
Task 2
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
Tense
Present
Past
Simple Past
Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
Future
Past Future

18. Summary Task 3 Direct Speech Indirect Speech Pronoun First person
Third person
Second person
First/third person
This/ these
That /Those
Adverbial of place
Here
There
This place
That place
These places
Those places
Verb
Come Go
Bring
Take
Borrow
Lend

19. Summary Task 4 Direct Speech Indirect Speech Adver-bial of time Now
Then
Today
That day
Yesterday
The day before/the previous day
This week/month/year
That week/month/year
Last week/month/year
The week/month/year before
Three days ago
Three days before
Tomorrow
The next/following day

20. Grammar Study Try to change direct speech into indirect speech :
He said, “the earth goes around the sun.”
2. He said, “The train leaves at 7:30p.m.”
3. He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.”
4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”
He said that the earth goes around the sun.
He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.
He said that Rome isn’t built in a day.
Tom said he was born in July, 1978.

21. Grammar Study
There are some cases in which we don’t need to change the tense in indirect speech.
Summary:
When direct speech is about:
a) a truth 真理
b) a timetable 时间表
c) a saying/proverb/quotation 格言/引用语
d) An adverbial indicating the past 过去的时间状语

22. III Practice Try to do SB P.5 Ex.2
Change the sentences either into direct speech or indirect speech:
1. Anne said that she didn’t know the address of her new home.
2. Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.
3. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.

23. Practice
4. Her father asked her why she chose/ had chosen her diary and old letters.
5. “Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mother asked/said to her.
6. “What else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.
7. “ When shall we go back home?” Anne asked her father.
8. “ Why did you talk so much to that boy?” Father asked Anne.

24. Practice Act out GM: What’s the weather like in…tomorrow?
I can’t hear the man clearly on the TV.
GS: That’s all right. I can help. The man said it
was going to rain.
GM: What did he say about Shanghai?
GS: ….

25. IV Homework 1. Do WB P.42 Ex.1 2. Review the rules of the changes
from direct speech into indirect speech.