1. ____________________________ boundary found in _________ cells.
Hydrophobic tails of phospholipids make molecules line up as a _________________ _________________ with polar head facing ___________ and nonpolar tails facing __________.
Made mainly of __________________________ & __________________________
Cell Membrane in a Nutshell ( )
If found on top of a phospholipid the whole structure is called a ____________________
If found on top of a protein the whole structure is called a ______________________
Used to ________________________; cell ID tags
Carbohydrates-in chain form; on outside surface
Provides _______________ for ______________ cells (no cell wall)
Helps prevent fatty acid tails from ______________ together
Cholesterol-only in ______________ cells.
Transport proteins (also called integral)- _______________________ through the membrane; used as ________________________________________ to move things in or out of the cell.
On inside surface, __________ the cell membrane to cell’s internal support structure (cytoskeletal) giving cell its shape. “Anchor proteins”
On the outside surface, __________________________ to inside cell; “receptor proteins”
Peripheral- on the inside or outside surface. Can be partially embedded into the cell membrane or can be found attached to an integral membrane protein.
Proteins-
Other components of the cell membrane
Helps maintain ______________________________
______________________ what enters & leaves the cell
Allow certain molecules to pass through; but keeps others out
Membranes are _________________________ _____________________=Semi-permeable, picky
Function
____________________________ boundary found in _________ cells.
A cell is defined as the smallest ____________________ unit of life. In order to maintain ______________________, _____________________ must be moved into the cell and ______________________ must be transported out of the cell. In addition, some cells produce _______________ and other materials designated for export. All materials moving in and out of the cell must pass through the ____________________________________, a ________________________
I. CELL TRANSPORT
ATP

2. FACILITATED DIFFUSION PROTEIN PUMP ENDOCYTOSIS/EXOCYTOSIS
Active or Passive? _____________
Requires Energy? _____________
What moves? _______________
How? ____________________
Other factors? _______________
___________________________
Active or Passive? _____________
Requires Energy? _____________
What moves? _______________
How? ____________________
Other factors? _______________
___________________________
Active or Passive? _____________
Requires Energy? _____________
What moves? _______________
How? ____________________
Other factors? _______________
___________________________
Active or Passive? _______________________
Requires Energy? ________________________
What moves? ___________________________
How? ________________________
Other factors? __________________________
______________________________________
Active or Passive? _______________________
Requires Energy? ________________________
What moves? ___________________________
How? __________________________________
Other factors? __________________________
______________________________________
Cell in hypertonic solution
Sketch endocytosis:
Cell in isotonic solution
Sketch exocytosis:
Cell in hypotonic solution
SIMPLE DIFFUSION
OSMOSIS
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
PROTEIN PUMP
ENDOCYTOSIS/EXOCYTOSIS
Movement of solutes across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
more crowdedless crowded
Moves “with the concentration gradient”
No energy required—Passive Transport
Happens with small, uncharged molecules that are non-polar
Examples: O2 gas
Movement of water (solvent) across a membrane from an area with a higher concentration of solvent to an area of lower concentration of solvent
“high waterlow water”, “low solutehigh solute”
No energy required—Passive
Hypertonic– a solution or side of the membrane with a higher concentration of solutes
Hypotonic- a solution on one side of the membrane with a lower concentration of solutes
Isotonic- a solution that has a concentration of solutes that is equal on both sides of the membrane
“Water wants to move to the hypertonic side of the membrane”
Facilitator = “helpler”
Movement of solutes across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a protein channel
No energy required—Passive
Happens with molecules that can’t cross the membrane on their own because they are polar or are too large.
Just like simple diffusion, but with a protein channel to facilitate the process
Movement of solutes across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
less crowdedmore crowded
Moves “against the concentration gradient”
ATP Energy required—Active Transport
Proteins responsible for transporting in this way called pumps
Bulk movement of particles across a membrane, into the cell or out of the cell
Requires membrane vesicle formation or fusion
Requires ATP energy: Active Transport
Endocytosis = cell eats
Pocket forms in cell membrane around particle to be consumed
Vesicle forms
Exocytosis=cell expels
Vesicle carrying particles fuses with membrane
Releases contents to the outside environment
definitions
Solute: what is dissolved in a solution. Ex: salt ions, sugar
Solvent: the fluid that solutes are in. In biology, water.
Active Transport: requires energy
Passive Transport: does not require energy
Concentration gradient: A difference in solute concentration between two regions