1. Bellwork: 12/5 Put your phone up  Week 12/3-12/7
What is the difference between aerobic & anaerobic respiration?
Which step or steps are anaerobic in cell respiration?
How many ATP does the step or steps from #2 make?

2. Today:
Fermentation Notes

3. Materials
Unit Book

4. This Week: Monday: Cellular Respiration Lab
Tuesday: *Early Out* Internet Safety
Wednesday: Fermentation Notes
Thursday: Fermentation Lab
Friday: Study Guide

5. Next Week: Monday: Study Guide & Kahoot Tuesday: Test
Wednesday: Finals Review & Study Guide
Friday: Finals Study Guide

6. Homework
Test Next Tuesday

7. Unit IV: Cell Energy

8. Part V: Anaerobic Respiration

9. THINK!
Have you ever done aerobic exercise and gotten a cramp in your leg muscle? Speculate what causes that cramp.

10. Purpose
Produce ATP
In the absence of oxygen (anaerobic)
Glucose converted into either alcohol or lactic acid
Depending on the organism
This conversion is known as FERMENTATION

11. Alcohol Fermentation Used by many one-celled (unicellular) organisms
Bacteria & yeast
Pathway
Glucose  Pyruvate  Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+
Commercial use:
Making wine & beer
Baking bread

12. THINK!
Based on your understanding of alcohol fermentation, why does bread rise? Why doesn’t the bread taste like alcohol after baking?

13. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Organisms that use this pathway:
Muscles, some bacteria
Pathway
Glucose  Pyruvate  Lactic Acid + NAD+
Physiological Symptoms:
Muscle cramping
Commercial Uses
Making cheese & yogurt

14. THINK!
If our muscles can do Lactic Acid fermentation when oxygen is low, why do humans die without oxygen?

15. Energy & Exercise
We need the energy from both anaerobic & aerobic respiration
Quick Energy
Needed to respond to danger, sprinting, weight-lifting
First few seconds - aerobic respiration
Long-term Energy
Needed for running a marathon, aerobics, basketball, etc
Essentially all from aerobic respiration
Also uses glycogen (carb reserves) and fat reserves

16. Types of Exercise Aerobic (endurance, cardio)
Ex: jogging, biking, aerobics
Increases blood pumped through vessels & heart
Muscles become stronger, more flexible & less easily fatigued
Improves digestion, heart function, lung function
Muscle uses O2 to undergo Cellular Respiration
Burns fat

17. Types of Exercise Anaerobic (resistance) Ex: weight-lifting
Contracting with as much force as possible
Muscles get bigger, stronger and more defined
Strong contractions cause muscle cell damage
Muscle cells repair & enlarge
You don’t make more cells, just larger cells
Need to give time for repair to see improvement
Without O2, muscles use Lactic Acid Fermentation
Acid damages muscles & makes them sore
No pain….no gain 

18. Answer the Questions in your NoteGuide